UHF RFID in Automatic Vehicle Identification: Analysis and Simulation

Passive RFID-Based Inventory of Traffic Signs on Roads and Urban Environments

“…Finally, a similar study is detailed in Table 8 , with the objective to present a comparison with other passive RFID systems working at the same frequency band and using similar versions of the wireless communication standard employed in this work, but with different road/vehicle applications [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Note that several features have been omitted for Table 8 (regarding Table 7 ) for different reasons: Tag ID capacity: this value is not provided by these papers.…”

“…Regarding distance range, we can observe how the proposed work achieves a satisfactory performance comparing with the referenced works, mainly because they are focused on placing multiple tags on the floor to locate accurately the vehicle passing over them [ 19 , 22 ], or to identify vehicles placing the reader just on the floor to identify the tag attached to the vehicle passing over or very close to the antenna [ 20 , 21 , 23 ]. In other words, they do not have the purpose of identifying a tag relatively far from the car.…”

“…In other words, they do not have the purpose of identifying a tag relatively far from the car. Only [ 21 ], which performs an analysis at simulation level, achieves up to 10 m, with the vehicle running up to 90 Km/h. Also from theoretical calculations, [ 23 ] achieves a distance range of 6 m, which is similar to that obtained in the present work.…”

“…Also from theoretical calculations, [ 23 ] achieves a distance range of 6 m, which is similar to that obtained in the present work. Regarding the speed of the car, it is possible to observe how [ 22 ] achieves a very low value because this work is focused on minimizing the positioning error (<1.35 cm) of a mobile vehicle in an indoor environment, whereas [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 23 ] achieve higher speeds at theoretical and simulation levels, as described in Table 8 . Note that the present work is able to detect the tags also running at 120 Km/h (see Figure 8 and Figure 10 ) at simulation level, in the same order of some of these approaches.…”

“…Although there are previous works based on passive RFID for road applications [ 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], they are mainly focused on vehicle location [ 15 , 19 , 22 ] or vehicle identification [ 20 , 21 , 23 ] purposes. Vehicle location systems require placing multiple tags on the floor to accurately locate the vehicle passing over them, and vehicle identification systems require placing the reader just on the floor to identify the tag attached to the vehicle passing over the antenna.…”