UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) stream water chemistry data: 1992-2015

Rennie, S.; Adamson, J.; Anderson, Robert F.; Andrews, C.; Bater, J.; Bayfield, N.; Beaton, K.; Beaumont, D. A.; Benham, Sue; Bowmaker, V.; Britt, C.; Brooker, Rob W.; Brooks, David R.; Brunt, J.; Common, G.; Cooper, Ruth; Corbett, S.; Critchley, N.; Dennis, Peter; Dick, Jan; Dodd, B.; Dodd, N.; Donovan, N.; Easter, J.; Flexen, M.; Gardiner, A.; Hamilton, D. C.; Hargreaves, P.; Hatton‐Ellis, M.; Howe, M.; Kahl, Jeffrey S.; Lane, M.; Langan, Simon; Lloyd, D.; McCarney, B.; McElarney, Y.; McKenna, C.; McMillan, S.; Milne, F.; Milne, Lorus J.; Morecroft, Michael D.; Murphy, Margaret B.; Nelson, A.; Nicholson, H.; Pallett, D.; Parry, D.; Pearce, Imojen; Pozsgai, G.; Rose, Rob; Schäfer, Stefanie; Scott, T.; Sherrin, L.; Shortall, C. R.; Smith, P.; Smith, R. I.; Tait, Ruth; Taylor, C.; Taylor, M.; Thurlow, Martha L.; Turner, A.; Tyson, K. C.; Watson, Helen; Whittaker, M.; Wood, C.D.

doi:10.5285/fd7ca5ef-460a-463c-ad2b-5ad48bb4e22e

Cited by 5 publications

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“…These result in flashy hydrograph responses to rainfall (Kirby et al, 1991;Leeks & Marks, 1997) and short travel times of water (Knapp et al, 2019). The bedrock is highly fractured, supporting fast flow and dominant pathways through the catchment (Shand et al, 2007), but flow in the peat-dominated parts of the catchment is typically lateral rather than vertical (Shand et al, 2009) Beck (Rennie et al, 2017b). Details of the measurements, sampling and analyses procedures are specified elsewhere (Rennie et al, 2020;Sykes & Lane, 1996).…”

Section: Site Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrologic connectivity and source heterogeneity control concentration–discharge relationships

Knapp

Musolff

2022

Hydrological Processes

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Changes in streamwater chemistry have frequently been used to understand the storage and release of water and solutes at the catchment scale. Streamwater chemistry typically varies in space and time, depending on sources, mobilization mechanisms, and pathways of water and solutes. However, less is known about the role of lateral hydrologic connectivity and how it may influence streamwater chemistry and solute export patterns under different wetness conditions. This study analyses longterm low-frequency data from four UK catchments using antecedent catchment wetness as proxy for lateral hydrologic connectivity. We demonstrate that solute mobilization mechanisms can vary depending on catchment wetness, as different catchment areas become hydrologically connected to or disconnected from streams.We show that flow and streamwater chemistry are mostly decoupled under dry conditions, leading to stronger impacts of the heterogeneity in solute sources on mobilization patterns during dry conditions compared to wet conditions. Our results demonstrate that the lateral and vertical distributions of solutes need to be integrated and considered together with the temporally variable hydrologic connectivity of these lateral areas to the stream when assessing streamwater chemistry. This combined analysis thus enables inferences regarding the lateral distribution of solutes throughout the catchment; it also indicates that a better understanding of the relationship between lateral hydrologic connectivity and the lateral and vertical distributions of solute concentrations can help to identify particularly vulnerable points in the catchment and their potential polluting effects on streams.

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Section: Site Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrologic connectivity and source heterogeneity control concentration–discharge relationships

Knapp

Musolff

2022

Hydrological Processes

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A Molecular Budget for a Peatland Based Upon ¹³C Solid‐State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

et al. 2018

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Peatlands can accumulate organic matter into long‐term carbon (C) storage within the soil profile. This study used solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C‐NMR) to investigate the transit of organic C through a peatland ecosystem to understand the molecular budget that accompanies the long‐term accumulation of C. Samples of biomass, litter, peat soil profile, particulate organic matter, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were taken from the Moor House National Nature Reserve, a peat‐covered catchment in northern England where both the dry matter and C budget for the ecosystem were known. The results showed that: The interpretation of the 13C‐NMR spectra shows that polysaccharides are preferentially removed through the ecosystem, while lignin components are preferentially retained and come to dominate the organic matter accumulated at depth in the profile. The DOM is derived from the oxidation of both biomass and the degradation of lignin, while the particulate organic matter is derived from erosion of the peat profile. The DOM is differentiated by its proportion of oxidized functional groups and not by its aromatic content. The changes in functionality leading to DOM production suggest side chain oxidation resulting in C‐C cleavage/depolymerisation of lignin, a common reaction within white rot fungi. The 13C‐NMR budget shows that O‐alkyl functional groups are disproportionately lost between primary production and accumulation in the deep peat, while C‐alkyl functional groups are disproportionately preserved. The carbon lost as gases (CO2 and CH4) was estimated to be composed of 93% polysaccharide‐derived carbon and 7% lignin‐derived carbon.

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Biogeochemical and climate drivers of wetland phosphorus and nitrogen release: Implications for nutrient legacies and eutrophication risk

et al. 2020

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The dynamics and processes of nutrient cycling and release were examined for a lowland wetland-pond system, draining woodland in southern England. Hydrochemical and meteorological data were analyzed from 1997 to 2017, along with high-resolution in-situ sensor measurements from 2016 to 2017. The results showed that even a relatively pristine wetland can become a source of highly-bioavailable phosphorus, nitrogen and silicon during low-flow periods of high ecological sensitivity. The drivers of nutrient release were primary production and accumulation of biomass, which provided a carbon source for microbial respiration and, via mineralization, a source of bioavailable nutrients for phosphorus and nitrogen co-limited microbes. During high-intensity nutrient-release events, the dominant nitrogen-cycling process switched from denitrification to ammonification, and a positive-This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 2 feedback cycle of phosphorus and nitrogen release was sustained over several months during summer and fall. Temperature controls on microbial activity were the primary drivers of short-term (day-today) variability in phosphorus release, with subdaily (diurnal) fluctuations in phosphorus concentrations driven by water-body metabolism. Inter-annual relationships between nutrient release and climate variables indicated 'memory' effects of antecedent climate drivers, through accumulated legacy organic matter from the previous year's biomass production. Natural flood management initiatives promote the use of wetlands as 'nature-based solutions' in climate-change adaptation, flood management, and soil and water conservation. This study highlights potential water-quality trade-offs, and shows how the convergence of climate and biogeochemical drivers of wetland nutrient release can amplify background nutrient signals by mobilizing legacy nutrients, causing water-quality impairment and accelerating eutrophication risk.

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UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) stream water chemistry data: 1992-2015

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrologic connectivity and source heterogeneity control concentration–discharge relationships

Hydrologic connectivity and source heterogeneity control concentration–discharge relationships

A Molecular Budget for a Peatland Based Upon ¹³C Solid‐State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Biogeochemical and climate drivers of wetland phosphorus and nitrogen release: Implications for nutrient legacies and eutrophication risk

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UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) stream water chemistry data: 1992-2015

Cited by 5 publications

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Hydrologic connectivity and source heterogeneity control concentration–discharge relationships

Hydrologic connectivity and source heterogeneity control concentration–discharge relationships

A Molecular Budget for a Peatland Based Upon 13C Solid‐State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Biogeochemical and climate drivers of wetland phosphorus and nitrogen release: Implications for nutrient legacies and eutrophication risk

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A Molecular Budget for a Peatland Based Upon ¹³C Solid‐State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance