Úlcera de marjolin sobre una úlcera venosa crónica: revisión de la bibliografía y comunicación de un caso

Marjolin ulcer: a case report

“…The mechanism by which malignant transformation occurs is not known, several theories have been postulated, one of which suggests that the toxins released into damaged tissue act as carcinogens, it has been postulated that repeated cycles of irritation, ulceration and tissue repair lead to malignancy. It also has been suggested that chronic damage would lead to a local deficit of nutrients, producing an epithelial carcinogenesis unable to resist the radiation produced in addition to tissue hypoxia, decreased immunity and repeated micro trauma tissue [2,[4][5][6][7][8]. The incidence is unknown.…”

“…The male to female ratio is 3:1, and the age range is from 18-50 years, is most common in the extremities (60 %), especially lower, head and face (30%) and trunk (10%) [2,8,9]. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma (87%), followed by basal cell carcinoma, other histological types, such as melanoma or sarcoma are less frequent [2,6,9]. There are two styles: early malignancy: with a range of 4 months to 1 year of wounding.…”

“…Epidermoid carcinoma of Marjolin ulcers is more aggressive and more prone to develop metastases through lymphatic pathways. The frequency of metastasis at 5 years is close to 40 % [2,6,7,9,10]. The main diagnostic tool is the histological study.…”

ÓÓlcera de Marjolin, escenario final en la evoluciÓ³n de una Óºlcera venosa crÓ³nica

“…2,5 . La base de la fisiopatología de la formación de esta úlcera se debe principalmente a la existencia de un ambiente inflamatorio crónico, la presencia de células con alta capacidad mitótica, pobre drenaje linfático, tejidos isquémicos y abundantes productos citotóxicos derivados de la actividad inmunitaria constante 1,6,7 .…”