Ultrafiltration liquid chromatography combined with high‐speed countercurrent chromatography for screening and isolating potential α‐glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Cortex Phellodendri

Abstract

Cortex Phellodendri is a typical Chinese herb with a large number of alkaloids existing in all parts of it. The most common methods for screening and isolating alkaloids are mostly labor intensive and time consuming. In this study, a new assay based upon ultrafiltration liquid chromatography was developed for the rapid screening of ligands for α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase. The C. Phellodendri extract was found to contain two alkaloids with both α-glucosidase- and xanthine oxidase binding activities and one lactone with α-glucosidase-binding activity. Subsequently, with the help of high-speed countercurrent chromatography, the specific binding ligands including palmatine, berberine, and obaculactone with purities of 97.38, 96.12, and 96.08%, respectively, were successfully separated. An optimized low-toxicity two-phase solvent system composed of ethyl acetate/n-butanol/ethanol/water (3.5:1.7:0.5:5, v/v/v/v) was used to isolate the three compounds mentioned above from C. Phellodendri. The targeted compounds were identified by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Therefore, ultrafiltration liquid chromatography combined with high-speed countercurrent chromatography is not only a powerful tool for screening and isolating α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitors in complex samples but is also a useful platform for discovering bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and gout.

Effects of Berberine on NLRP3 and IL-1βExpressions in Monocytic THP-1 Cells with Monosodium Urate Crystals-Induced Inflammation

“…Previous evidences from clinical practice and experimental studies confirmed that modified Simiao decoction had the potential to treat hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis [ 14 , 16 , 17 ]. Ultrafiltration liquid chromatography combined with high-speed countercurrent chromatography screened and isolated α -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Cortex phellodendri for the prevention and treatment of gout [ 18 ]. However, previous studies focused on hypouricemic effects of modified Simiao decoction.…”

Hypoglycemic Efficacy of Docking Selected Natural Compounds against α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase

“…The whole reaction was incubated at 37 °C for 30 min. The claret color measured at 490 nm is proportional to the original glucose concentration [ 39 ]. The inhibitory potency of each treatment was calculated from glucose generating rate (GGR) by following equations: Inhibition percentage = [GGR (control) − GGR (treated)/GGR (control)] × 100% Inhibitory potency = Inhibitory percentage/natural compounds concentration (μM) …”

Melanogenesis‐Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities of Limonoids, Alkaloids, and Phenolic Compounds from Phellodendron amurense Bark

“…In traditional Chinese medicine, the stem bark of P. amurense (Phellodendri Cortex) has been used to treat heat dysentery, diarrhea, diabetes, jaundice, leg flaccidity, nocturnal emission, drench turbidity, hemorrhoids, hematochezia, also leucorrhea, deficiency to heat, swollen red eyes, mouth sores, and sore swollen poison. [1] [2] Previous study has shown that the bark extract of P. amurense exhibits various physiological activities, including antioxidant, [3] antiinflammatory, [4] antiulcer, [5] prostate cancer inhibitory, [6] and immune-stimulating properties, [7] as well as neuroprotection [8] and relaxation of airway smooth muscle. [9] On the other hand, P. amurense bark extract has been reported to contain limonoids, [10 -13] alkaloids of the quinoline-, isoquinoline-, and indole-types, [10] [13] phenolic compounds including phenylpropanoids and lignans, [14][15] and sterols.…”