Ultralow-threshold laser in a Nd 3+  doped silica microsphere

Li, Qianglong; Huang, Yantang; Lin, Yanjin; Wu, Jinshu; Huang, Jing; Wu, Tianjiao

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2015.07.080

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…Upconversion has also been exploited for rare‐earth systems, enabling fluorescence emission and lasing at shorter wavelengths. The use of rare earth doped sol‐gel coatings has been investigated for coating fused silica microspheres . This method has also been applied to other resonator geometries such as toroids, taking advantage of their low mode volume and large Q‐factor, for lasing applications .…”

Section: Gain Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent and lasing whispering gallery mode microresonators for sensing applications

Reynolds

Riesen

Meldrum

et al. 2017

Laser & Photonics Reviews

184

112

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Whispering gallery modes (WGMs) have been exploited for a broad range of sensing applications. However, the vast majority of WGM sensors consist of passive resonators, requiring complex interrogation systems to be employed, ultimately limiting their practicality. Active resonators containing a gain medium, allowing remote excitation and collection of the WGM‐modulated fluorescence spectra, have emerged as an alternative to passive resonators. Although research is still in its infancy, recent progress has reduced the performance gap between the two paradigms, fueled by the potential for new applications that could not previously be realized. Here, recent developments in sensors based on active WGM microresonators are reviewed, beginning with a discussion of the theory of fluorescence‐based and lasing WGMs, followed by a discussion of the variety of gain media, resonator architectures, and emerging sensing applications. We conclude with a discussion of the prospects and future directions for improving active WGM sensors.

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Section: Gain Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%