Ultrasonic observations on the turnover of ovarian follicular cysts and associated changes of plasma LH, FSH, progesterone and oestradiol-17β in cows

Yoshioka, Koji; Iwamura, Shokichi; Kamomae, Hideo

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(96)90071-5

Cited by 45 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although Cook et al [3] and Hamilton et al [7] reported the absence of a preovulatory LH surge in cows with ovarian cysts, their twice daily sampling regimen was not frequent enough to characterize the intensity or timing of the preovulatory LH surge. In our previous study, we took blood samples at 3 hr intervals during the period when the follicles were growing from 10 to 25 mm in diameter, but no preovulatory LH surge was detected in the cows with ovarian cysts, at least during this developmental stage of the cysts [17]. In the present study, the preovulatory LH surge was observed, when the follicles ovulated.…”

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confidence: 46%

“…Cook et al [4] reported that steroid-induced follicular cysts in cattle were not static structures, but regressed to be replaced with other cystic structures. Furthermore, previous investigations [7,17] showed that spontaneously occurring ovarian cysts also exhibit a turnover of cysts, and suggested that the absence of a preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) causes ovarian cysts [3,7,17].Approximately 20% of cows with ovarian cysts recover spontaneously within 30 days following diagnosis [1]. The turnover of cysts and associated changes of plasma gonadotropins and ovarian steroids in cows with spontaneously occurring ovarian cysts have been reported [17], but they have not been reported in cows which recovered from ovarian cysts or then relapsed into cysts.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…The turnover of cysts and associated changes of plasma gonadotropins and ovarian steroids in cows with spontaneously occurring ovarian cysts have been reported [17], but they have not been reported in cows which recovered from ovarian cysts or then relapsed into cysts. Therefore, the present study is concerned with the changes of follicular and luteal structures and endocrine characteristics with the ovarian cycle in a cow initially diagnosed as having ovarian cysts that ovulated spontaneously and then relapsed into ovarian cysts.…”

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confidence: 99%

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“…The ovarian cysts in cattle were characterized by a process of turnover whereby when the original cysts regressed, new follicles developed into cysts on the same or the contralateral ovary [7,17]. It has been reported that approximately 20% of cows with ovarian cysts recover spontaneously within 30 days following diagnosis [1].…”

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Changes of Ovarian Structures, Plasma LH, FSH, Progesterone and Estradiol-17.BETA. in a Cow with Ovarian Cysts Showing Spontaneous Recovery and Relapse.

Yoshioka

Iwamura

Kamomae

1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. In a cow diagnosed as having ovarian cysts, we observed changes in the ovarian structures by ultrasonography for 71 days and examined plasma concentrations of sex hormones. The cow had 2 regressing cysts at the start of this study and 3 new follicles subsequently developed into cysts. With regression of these cysts, 2 new follicles developed and ovulated spontaneously, followed by the formation of 2 corpora lutea. On the day prior to ovulation, a preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge was detected. With regression of the corpora lutea, a new follicle developed and underwent atresia. Meantime, another follicle developed and became a cyst without ovulation. No preovulatory LH surge was observed during the period from regression of the corpora lutea to cyst formation. The results indicate that absence of the preovulatory LH surge is associated with occurrence of ovarian cysts and this endocrine aberration is reversible. -KEY WORDS: cattle, LH surge, ovarian cyst.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 60(2): 257-260, 1998 Follicular and luteal structures were examined by transrectal ultrasonography using a 5 MHz transducer and linear-array ultrasound scanner (SSD-280, Aloka, Tokyo, Japan) by the method previously described by Pierson and Ginther [13], and rectal palpation was performed to monitor ovarian changes. At each examination, follicles with a diameter exceeding 10 mm and the location of each structure were recorded on an ovarian map. Ultrasonic examination was made at 3 day intervals. When the cysts or corpora lutea regressed, however, and new follicular structures grew from 10 mm to more than 25 mm in diameter or to ovulation, examination was made daily for 2 series.Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture into heparinized vacutainers at 2 day intervals following the start of ultrasonic examination. An indwelling jugular cannula was used for sampling, when the ovaries were examined daily. All samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:30 hr. The samples were kept on ice and centrifuged at 1,500 g for 30 min at 4°C within 30 min. Plasma was collected and stored at 20°C until the concentrations of LH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone and estradiol-17β were measured. Additional blood samples were collected via the jugular cannula into plain vacutainers at 3 hr intervals following the start of daily examinations of the ovaries to determine the presence of a preovulatory LH surge. After collection, the samples were kept for 6-18 hr at room temperature. Serum was separated by centrifugation and stored at 20°C until the concentrations of LH were measured.Plasma and serum concentrations of LH were measured by the homologous double-antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) method described previously [8] using anti-bovine LH serum (i555/001, UCB-Bioproducts, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium), bovine LH (i055, UCB-Bioproducts) for radioiodination, and LER-1716-2 (provided by Dr. L. E. Reichert, Albany Medical College) as a reference standard. Plasma concentrations of FSH were measured by RIA [2] using anti-bovi...

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Changes of Ovarian Structures, Plasma LH, FSH, Progesterone and Estradiol-17.BETA. in a Cow with Ovarian Cysts Showing Spontaneous Recovery and Relapse.

Yoshioka

Iwamura

Kamomae

1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Diagnosis and hormonal treatment of cystic ovaries associated with uterine disorders in Egyptian buffaloes: ultrasonography, histopathological and serological investigations

Hassan,

Hashim,

Fayed

et al. 2024

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Cystic ovarian disease (COD) with uterine abnormalities is a postpartum reproductive pathology in Egyptian buffaloes causing significant economic losses. In this study, we aimed to employ various diagnostic methods for detecting cystic ovarian disease (COD) in Egyptian buffaloes. tour study assessed the effectiveness of the GnRH/PGF2α protocol as a treatment strategy. Our goal was to determine if this protocol could effectively reduce economic losses associated with cystic ovarian disease and improve herd fertility in Egyptian buffaloes. Eighty Egyptian buffalo cows were included in this study. They were identified to have follicular cysts through rectal examination, which was confirmed by ultrasonography. These buffaloes were then divided into two main groups: the COD Control (untreated) (GA) (n = 40) and COD group (GB) (n = 40) treated with GnRH/PGF2α. According to our immunological studies, buffaloes in the COD-treated group (GB) exhibited significantly lower serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) compared to the control group. This observation was consistent with the decline in E2 levels and the increase in P4 levels (p < 0.01–0.001) observed in the treated animals compared to the untreated group. Furthermore, serum cortisol and glucose concentrations decreased in COD-treated buffaloes. Histopathological examination of ovaries and uterine tissue from slaughtered COD buffaloes has revealed significant structural alterations. These include the presence of ovarian cysts of varying sizes with vacuolar degeneration. Additionally, lymphoplasmacytic endometritis was observed in the uterine tissue of affected animals, featuring degeneration and desquamation of the endometrial lining accompanied by infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells. Severe and prolonged cases of COD, which did not respond to treatment, exhibited marked adverse pathological changes upon histopathological assessment of the genital tract. In conclusion, hormonal treatment with GnRH/PGF2α appears to be effective in treating COD-affected animals. The study provides valuable insights into the immunological, biochemical, and histopathological aspects of cystic ovaries associated with uterine disorders in Egyptian buffaloes, while also evaluating hormonal treatment for cystic ovarian disease as a means to minimize economic losses and improve herd fertility in this species.

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Long-Term Estradiol-17β Administration Changes the Population of Paracervical Ganglion Neurons Supplying the Ovary in Adult Gilts

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of estradiol-17β (E(2)) overdose on the number and distribution of ovarian parasympathetic neurons in the paracervical ganglion (PCG) in adult pigs. To identify the neurons innervating gonads on day 3 of the estrous cycle, the ovaries of both the control and experimental gilts were injected with retrograde neuronal tracer Fast Blue. From next day to the expected day 20 of the second studied cycle, experimental gilts were injected with E(2), while control gilts received oil. The PCG were then collected and processed for double-labeling immunofluorescence. Injections of E(2) increased the E(2) level in the peripheral blood approximately four- to fivefold and reduced the following in the PCG: the total number of Fast Blue-positive neurons; the number of perikarya in the lateral part of the PCG; the numbers of vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)(+)/somatostatin(+), VAChT(+)/vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)(+), VAChT(+)/neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase(+), VAChT(+)/VIP(-), VAChT(+)/dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH)(-), VAChT(-)/VIP(-), and VAChT(-)/DβH(-) perikarya; and the total number of perikarya expressing estrogen receptors (ERs) subtype α and/or β. In summary, long-term E(2) treatment of adult gilts downregulates the population of both cholinergic and ERs expressing the PCG ovary-projecting neurons. Our results suggest that elevated E(2) levels occurring during pathological states may regulate gonadal function(s) by affecting ovary-supplying neurons.

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Ultrasonic observations on the turnover of ovarian follicular cysts and associated changes of plasma LH, FSH, progesterone and oestradiol-17β in cows

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Changes of Ovarian Structures, Plasma LH, FSH, Progesterone and Estradiol-17.BETA. in a Cow with Ovarian Cysts Showing Spontaneous Recovery and Relapse.

Changes of Ovarian Structures, Plasma LH, FSH, Progesterone and Estradiol-17.BETA. in a Cow with Ovarian Cysts Showing Spontaneous Recovery and Relapse.

Diagnosis and hormonal treatment of cystic ovaries associated with uterine disorders in Egyptian buffaloes: ultrasonography, histopathological and serological investigations

Long-Term Estradiol-17β Administration Changes the Population of Paracervical Ganglion Neurons Supplying the Ovary in Adult Gilts

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