Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction method based on applying low density organic solvents followed by gas chromatography analysis for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples

Saleh, A. K. Md. Ehsanes; Yamini, Yadollah; Faraji, Mohammad; Rezaee, Mohammad; Ghambarian, Mahnaz

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2009.08.001

Cited by 258 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Application of various extraction techniques to prepare samples of airport runoff water for the determination of PAHs can affect the final result (Abolfazl Saleh et al 2009;Ozcan et al 2010;Sulej et al 2013). This research made use of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) to isolate/enrich analytes.…”

Section: Determination Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of fuel combustion product in airport runoff water samples using liquid–liquid extraction with gas chromatography–spectrometry

Sulej-Suchomska

Polkowska

Przyjazny

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Determination of xenobiotics in samples of airport runoff water is both a complex and indispensable task due to an increasing threat resulting from the activities of numerous airports. The aim of this study was to develop, optimize, and validate a procedure based on liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). So far, no procedure was available that would ensure reliable data about concentration levels of these toxic pollutants in a new type of environmental samples, such as airport stormwater. The most difficult step in the analytical procedure used for the determination of fuel combustion products in airport stormwater samples is sample preparation. In this work, eight different protocols of sample preparation were tested. The evaluation of the LLE demonstrated that the best extraction conditions were as follows: dichloromethane (extraction solvent), solvent volume of 15 mL and sample volume of 250 mL. The percent recovery values ranged from 66 to 106 %, which shows that the LLE technique is a powerful method for extracting PAHs from airport runoff water samples with a complex matrix composition. Moreover, the developed procedure was characterized by satisfactory selectivity and a relatively low LOQ (0.17-0.52 lg/L). The procedure has been successfully applied to the analysis of stormwater samples collected from different sites at international airport in Poland. The procedure can thus be used as a tool for tracking the environmental fate of these compounds and for assessing the environmental effect of airports.

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Section: Determination Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of fuel combustion product in airport runoff water samples using liquid–liquid extraction with gas chromatography–spectrometry

Sulej-Suchomska

Polkowska

Przyjazny

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Furthermore, tedious procedure for evaporating of extraction solvent in DLLME, which may cause loss of the analyte, was eliminated in AA-DLLME procedure and extraction solvent can directly inject to HPLC. Moreover, AA-DLLME method is environmentally greener than other DLLME procedures due to the use of alcoholic solvents [29][30][31]. The main aim of the present work was to investigate and optimize the extraction conditions of AA-DLLME procedure by using full factorial design (FFD) and central composite face-centered (CCF) design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of alcoholic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of bisphenol a in water samples using an experimental design

Fatemi

Hadjmohammadi

Shakeri

2014

Acta Chromatographica

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Summary. Alcoholic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method (AA-DLLME) is used for the extraction, purification, and determination of bisphenol A in water samples by HPLC-UV. 1-octanol and methanol were selected as extraction and dispersive solvents of AA-DLLME procedure. The effects of several parameters of the AA-DLLME procedure (such as volume of extraction and dispersive solvents, amount of salt in sample solution, and extraction time) were investigated by a full factorial design. Then, the levels of significant factors were optimized using a central composite facecentered. The optimum conditions were obtained at 158 μL of extraction solvent, 500 μL of dispersive solvent, 1 min extraction time, and addition of 22% (w/v) of NaCl to the sample solution. Under optimum condition, the extraction recovery and the enrichment factor were determined, which were 91% and 65%, respectively. At these conditions, the limit of detection and the linearity were 0.10 and 1-100 μg L −1 , respectively. The relative standard deviations for intra-and inter-day of extraction of bisphenol A (BPA) were 6.98% and 9.80%, respectively (for five measurements). Finally, the method was successfully applied for the determination of BPA in environmental water samples. In conclusion, it can be stated that the applied method is fast, simple, and environmentally friendly.

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“…This manuscript presents an attempt to employ a modified binary-liquid mixture dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction by replacing a dispersing liquid for a second extracting solvent in an effort to improve the reported poor solvent recovery post-extraction. 28 In addition to the improved solvent recovery, the mixed-solvent extraction has been reported to improve extraction efficiency that any of the individual pure solvents used in a mixture. 29,30 In the current report, combination of tetrachloromethane with ethylacetate demonstrated the highest efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction and Pre-concentration of Phthalic Acid Esters from Aqueous Solutions using Agitation-assisted Dispersed Binary Solvents Microextraction

2017

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As the search for efficient, affordable and environmentally friendly extraction methods continues, miniaturized solvent techniques are receiving considerable attention due to their simplicity, efficiency and fast extraction rates. Herein we report application of a modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction through the introduction of a second extracting solvent in place of a disperser solvent leading to a much improved organic solvent recovery after the extraction of phthalic acid esters from aqueous solutions. The method employs a 75 µL binary mixture of ethylacetate and tetrachloromethane with a 3:1 ratio, extraction time of 20 seconds, and 10 % NaCl. The method demonstrates sufficient linearity (R 2 ³ 0.9866) and repeatability (%RSD £ 12.5, for n = 15) with the estimated LOD in the range (0.01-0.05 ng mL -1 ) using the S/N approach. The method demonstrated significant enrichment factors averaging about 2100 with headspace and about 3000 and increase of over 40 % without headspace, indicating the importance of reduced headspace volume in this approach, especially if the ionic strength is increased. However, the method yielded a significantly wide range of recoveries (65-115 %) when applied to the analysis of spiked soil samples when coupled to hot-water extraction. However, this may not be entirely attributable to the extraction approach but rather heat-induced hydrolysis during the hot-water dissolution, prior to the proposed organic extraction method. KEYWORDSDispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, binary solvents, phthalic acid esters, headspace volume, extracting solvent recovery.

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Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction method based on applying low density organic solvents followed by gas chromatography analysis for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples

Cited by 258 publications

References 28 publications

Determination of fuel combustion product in airport runoff water samples using liquid–liquid extraction with gas chromatography–spectrometry

Determination of fuel combustion product in airport runoff water samples using liquid–liquid extraction with gas chromatography–spectrometry

Evaluation of alcoholic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of bisphenol a in water samples using an experimental design

Extraction and Pre-concentration of Phthalic Acid Esters from Aqueous Solutions using Agitation-assisted Dispersed Binary Solvents Microextraction

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