Ultrastructural Changes in Streptococcussobrinus Induced by Xylitol, NaF and ZnCl<sub>2</sub>

Scheie, Anne Aamdal; Fejerskov, O.; Assev, S.; Rölla, Gunnar

doi:10.1159/000261200

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In vitro, xylitol modifies the synthesis of polysac charides from sucrose in Streptococcus mutans, thereby decreasing the ability of the cells to adhere to hard surfaces [Verran and Drucker, 1982;Soderling et al, 1987], In vitro studies also suggested that xylitol could cause ultrastructural changes in streptococci [Tuompo et al, 1983;Scheie et al, 1989], which in turn could affect the adhesion properties of the orga nism. The present study, however, did not reveal any differences between the habitual xylitol consumers and the controls in those properties that determine the adhesion of salivary mutans streptococci to plastic strips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Xylitol Consumption and Mutans Streptococci in Plaque and Saliva

Söderling

Isokangas²,

Tenovuo

et al. 1991

Caries Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of 4 to 6 years of habitual use of xylitol gum (≥ 2 times per day) on the viable counts of mutans streptococci in both plaque and saliva was evaluated in a cross-sectional study of participants of the Ylivieska xylitol study (Finland, 1982–1984). Paraffin-stimulated saliva was collected first, whereafter the remaining plaque was collected from all available tooth surfaces and pooled. The habitual xylitol consumers (n = 15) had less plaque than the controls (n = 21). The total viable counts of mutans streptococci in the plaque collected from the habitual xylitol users were about 10% of those determined in controls (p < 0.01). The salivary mutans streptococci levels were relatively high in both habitual xylitol consumers and controls, as determined using a plate count and with an adhesion-based assay; no significant differences were detected between these groups. Thus, habitual xylitol consumption appeared not to be associated with a reduction in the total numbers of mutans streptococci in saliva. The plaque and the mutans streptococci were, however, more loosely bound to the tooth surfaces of the habitual xylitol users. The results of the plate count and the adhesion-based assay for salivary mutans streptococci were in good agreement for both habitual xylitol consumers and the controls. This suggests that it was the accumulation of plaque rather than the adhesiveness of mutans streptococci that was affected by the habitual consumption of xylitol.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Xylitol Consumption and Mutans Streptococci in Plaque and Saliva

Söderling

Isokangas²,

Tenovuo

et al. 1991

Caries Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ultrastructural studies of S. mutuns and S. sobrinus have shown that the presence of xylitol in the incubation medium results in cell degradation and autolysis, intracellular vacuoles, lamellated formations in the cytoplasmic membrane (38) and in other ultrastructral alterations (39). This presumably constitutes further evidence of a bacteriostatic effect of xylitol on mutans streptococci.…”

Section: Metabolism By Oral Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cariologic aspects of xylitol and its use in chewing gum: A review

Birkhed

1994

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several studies indicate that xylitol is not metabolized to acids either in pure cultures of oral microorganisms in vitro or in dental plaque in vivo. Chronic consumption of xylitol-sweetened chewing gum resulted in reduction of dental plaque, suppression of mutans streptococci, and reduced adhesiveness of plaque. So far, four field studies with regimens including chewing gum and other xylitol-containing products and four clinical trials have been carried out. All of the latter studies showed that a daily intake of two to three pieces of xylitol gum resulted in a defined reduction of caries. There are indications that regular and prolonged use of xylitol chewing gum may have a caries-preventive effect.

show abstract

“…Stannous fluoride and amine fluoride as well as numerous metallic ions have demonstrated antimicrobial effectiveness. 32,33 Tin, zinc, copper and others have demonstrated anti-microbial effects, but none have demonstrated anti-caries effectiveness. Essential oils, a mixture of thymol, eucalyptol, methyl salicylate and menthol have been demonstrated to be effective in preventing the build-up of supra-gingival plaque and gingivitis, 34,35 but have not demonstrated effectiveness in the reduction of caries lesions.…”

Section: Anti-microbial Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cariogenic dental biofilm: good, bad or just something to control?

Wolff¹,

Larson

2009

Braz. oral res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper discusses the role of dental biofilm and adjunctive therapies in the management of dental caries. Dental biofilm is a site of bacterial proliferation and growth, in addition to being a location of acid production. It also serves as a reservoir for calcium exchange between the tooth and saliva. The salivary pellicle, a protein-rich biofilm layer, regulates the reaction between tooth surface, saliva and erosive acids. The protective effects of this pellicle on enamel are well established. However, understanding the effects of the pellicle/biofilm interaction in protecting dentin from erosive conditions requires further research. Saliva interacts with the biofilm, and is important in reducing the cariogenic effects of dental plaque as acidogenic bacteria consume fermentable carbohydrates producing acids that may result in tooth demineralization. Adequate supplies of healthy saliva can provide ingredients for successful remineralization. Strategies for managing the cariogenic biofilm are discussed with emphasis on the effectiveness of over-the-counter (OTC) products. However, since many toothpaste components have been altered recently, new clinical trials may be required for true validation of product effectiveness. A new generation of calcium-based remineralizing technologies may offer the ability to reverse the effects of demineralization. Nevertheless, remineralization is a microscopic subsurface phenomenon, and it will not macroscopically replace tooth structure lost in a cavitated lesion. Optimal management of cavitations requires early detection. This, coupled with advances in adhesive restorative materials and microsurgical technique, will allow the tooth to be restored with minimal destruction to nearby healthy tissue

show abstract

Ultrastructural Changes in Streptococcussobrinus Induced by Xylitol, NaF and ZnCl₂

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Long-Term Xylitol Consumption and Mutans Streptococci in Plaque and Saliva

Long-Term Xylitol Consumption and Mutans Streptococci in Plaque and Saliva

Cariologic aspects of xylitol and its use in chewing gum: A review

The cariogenic dental biofilm: good, bad or just something to control?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ultrastructural Changes in Streptococcussobrinus Induced by Xylitol, NaF and ZnCl2

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Long-Term Xylitol Consumption and Mutans Streptococci in Plaque and Saliva

Long-Term Xylitol Consumption and Mutans Streptococci in Plaque and Saliva

Cariologic aspects of xylitol and its use in chewing gum: A review

The cariogenic dental biofilm: good, bad or just something to control?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ultrastructural Changes in Streptococcussobrinus Induced by Xylitol, NaF and ZnCl₂