Ultrastructure of Putrefactive Anaerobe 3679h During Sporulation

Santo, Leatrice M.; Hohl, Hans R.; Frank, Hilmer A.

doi:10.1128/jb.99.3.824-833.1969

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These walls have a "double track" or two-layered structure which is quite distinctive (J. V. Betz and J. G. Zeikus, Bacteriol. Proc., p. 21, 1968) and similar to that described in several other Clostridium species (12,14) and Bacillus species (11). These layers can be seen around the developing endospore in Fig.…”

Section: Sporogenessupporting

confidence: 79%

Sheathed Cells in Cultures of Clostridium sporogenes

Betz

1970

J Bacteriol

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Many strains of Clostridium sporogenes were shown to contain two types of cells which exhibited strikingly different growth habits. Over 99% of the population of most strains were motile bacilli which occurred singly or in short chains. Infection by any of several C. sporogenes bacteriophages lysed most of these cells and revealed a minority population component consisting of cells which grew in extremely long chains. Each chain was surrounded by and contained in a long tubular polysaccharide sheath which was ultrastructurally quite separate and distinct from the cell walls of the enclosed cells. The sheathed cells were identical to "normal" cells of C. sporogenes in anaerobiosis, Gram reaction, sporulation, deoxyribonucleic base composition, general morphology, and ultrastructure. They differed from the "normal" cells in having a sheath, in being nonmotile, and in that they were infected by C. sporogenes bacteriophages but not usually lysed by them. The sheathed cells appeared spontaneously in cultures cloned from single colonies and were demonstrably present in cultures before bacteriophage infection. Thus, they were not contaminants but were normal, although inconspicuous, growth forms of C. sporogenes which were selected but not induced by bacteriophage infection.Fl, 1, S2, and 18.Culture media. Most of the media used were variations of a fluid medium designated S broth which contained: proteose peptone (Difco), 0.5%; polypeptone (BBL), 0.5%; sodium thioglycolate (Difco), 0.05%; NaCl, 0.5%; glucose, 0.3%; yeast extract (Difco), 0.1%; distilled water to volume. The pH was adjusted to 7.4 with NaOH before autoclaving. Agar was 814 on August 5, 2020 by guest http://jb.asm.org/ Downloaded from 816 BETZ on August 5, 2020 by guest

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Section: Sporogenessupporting

confidence: 79%

Sheathed Cells in Cultures of Clostridium sporogenes

Betz

1970

J Bacteriol

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“…Ribi (8) but were miscalled "parasporal inclusion bodies" and were prematurely suggested to represent the same material as exosporium. Similar flakelike inclusions occur in spores of other bacilli (1, 4, 7, 9) and clostridia (15,28,29,30). The inclusions in spores of B. circulans were shown by Abram (1) to be different in negatively stained ultrastructure than the exosporial envelope.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…ical. Some Clostridium strains possess this typical exosporium (15,28), but others seem to have only the laminar inner layer varying in thickness (20, 30,33). Hodgkiss, Ordal, and Cann (14) distinguished three types of exosporium in Clostridium strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of the Exosporium and Underlying Inclusions in Spores of Bacillus megaterium Strains

1972

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Spores of selected strains of Bacillus megaterium were prepared by various methods and examined with the electron microscope. An exosporium like that of B. cereus, with a nap and basal layer, was found in spores of a B. megaterium strain that reportedly contains a capsule-like exosporium. The exosporium occasionally appeared to be doubled or have an apical opening. Pili-like filaments were discerned on the surface. Beneath the exosporium were found large deposits of planar inclusions, which in cross section appeared laminated and in surface views consisted of a patchwork of striated packets with a periodicity of-5 nm. The inclusions were usually attached to the exosporium, but in ultrastructure they differed from both the exosporium and coat. In two other strains of B. megaterium, one or two coats occurred but a typical exosporium was not present.

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“…kurstuki (Ebersold et al 1981), where up to ten laminar layers were found. Structures which are probably related have also been found in Clostridium sporogenes strain P A 3679h (Santo et a!. 1969).…”

Section: Simentioning

confidence: 67%

Isolation and properties of psychrotrophic and psychrophilic, pectolytic strains of Clostridium

Brocklehurst

Lund

1982

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Fourteen strains of pectolytic clostridia have been isolated that were capable of growth at 5–10°C in 7 d; two strains were psychrophiles and failed to grow at 20°C in 14 d and the remainder were psychrotrophs. The bacteria formed pectate lyase enzymes and were capable of degrading potato tissue; they are therefore a potential cause of soft rot of potatoes stored at low temperatures. Doubling times for representative strains were 15–19 h at 10°C and 21–53 h at 5°C. Twelve strains were classified with Group I Clostridium species and two strains with Group II. In the case of one strain the mature spores were not released from the sporangium. Electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of this strain showed the presence of disorganized lamellar structures associated with the spore coat.

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Ultrastructure of Putrefactive Anaerobe 3679h During Sporulation

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Sheathed Cells in Cultures of Clostridium sporogenes

Sheathed Cells in Cultures of Clostridium sporogenes

Ultrastructure of the Exosporium and Underlying Inclusions in Spores of Bacillus megaterium Strains

Isolation and properties of psychrotrophic and psychrophilic, pectolytic strains of Clostridium

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