Ultraviolet radiation over China: Spatial distribution and trends

Liu, H.; Hu, Bo; Zhang, L.; Zhao, Xueyan; Shang, Kezheng; Wang, Y.S.; Wang, J.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.102

Cited by 70 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…2). This is probably results from the fact that 4 h of supplemental UV-A radiation was not enough to induce the stimulation of plant growth, as the UV-A radiation level in the UV-A4 treatment was only 8% of the average UV radiation in nature (Liu et al, 2017). Therefore, our results indicate that UV-A radiation may affect plant growth qualitatively, but detailed studies are needed to elucidate its mechanisms.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Ultraviolet-A Radiation Stimulates Growth of Indoor Cultivated Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings

Kang¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

horts

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Ultraviolet-A (UV-A) is the main component of UV radiation in nature. However, its role on plant growth, to a large extent, remains unknown. In this study, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Beijing Cherry Tomato') seedlings were cultivated in an controlled environment in which UV-A radiation was provided by UV-A fluorescent lamps (l max = 369 nm) with a fluence rate of 2.28 W · m L2 . The photoperiod of UV-A radiation was 0, 4, 8, and 16 hours, which corresponds to control, UV-A4, UV-A8, and UV-A16 treatments, respectively. The photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was 220 mmol · m L2 · s L1 , which was provided by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a blue/red light ratio of 1:9, the photoperiod of PPFD was 16 hours. We showed that supplementing 8 and 16 hours of UV-A to visible radiation (400-700 nm) stimulated plant biomass production by 29% and 33%, respectively, compared with that of control. This resulted mainly from larger leaves (i.e., 22% and 31% in 8 and 16 hours UV-A, respectively), which facilitated light capture. Supplemental UV-A also enhanced photosynthetic capacity, as indicated by greater net photosynthesis rates in response to CO 2 under saturating PPFD. Furthermore, the greatest stomatal conductance (g S ) value was observed in UV-A16, followed by UV-A8, which correlated with the greater stomatal density in the corresponding treatments. Moreover, supplemental UV-A did not induce any stress, as the maximum quantum efficiency of photosynthetic system II (PSII) (F v /F m ) remained ' '0.82 in all treatments. Similarly, chlorophyll content and leaf mass area (LMA) were also unaffected by UV-A radiation. Taken together, we conclude that supplementing reasonable levels of UV-A to visible radiation stimulates growth of indoor cultivated tomato seedlings.

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Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…1. The greatest UV-A radiation level was 0.15 MJ · m -2 · d -1 (i.e., UV-A16 treatment), which was 31% of the average UV radiation in China [0.49 MJ · m -2 · d -1 (Liu et al, 2017)]. Light-reflecting curtains were set up between each cabinet to prevent light disturbance from each other.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet-A Radiation Stimulates Growth of Indoor Cultivated Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings

Kang¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

horts

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“…That is, indoor UV aging time should equal the total amount of natural UV radiation. Therefore, the indoor UV radiation time intensity was set to the annual average amount of UV radiation observed in high-altitude areas, which is 420 MJ/m 2 [1,3,38,39]. To ensure the service life of the relevant equipment in the environmental UV aging box, it was shut down for 20 min every 8.0 h during the tests.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Aging Methods and Preparation Of Masticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intense ultraviolet irradiation is one of the common environmental and climatic characteristics in high-altitude areas [1]. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance to study the service performance and life of asphalt pavement under ultraviolet irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Mineral Powder Content on the Asphalt Aging Resistance in High-Altitude Areas Based on Indoor Ultraviolet Light Tests

Xie

Duan

et al. 2020

Materials

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Intense ultraviolet irradiation is an important environmental factor affecting the service performance of asphalt mixtures in high-altitude areas, and the asphalt mortar is the main factor affecting the durability of asphalt mixtures. It is of great theoretical significance and engineering value to study the performance of the asphalt mortar at medium and low temperatures under ultraviolet irradiation. Therefore, this paper focuses on the evolution of the effect of the filler content on the rheological properties of different asphalt materials at low and medium temperatures under quantitative UV irradiation. Taking the average amount of UV irradiation observed annually in Northwest China as the indoor aging condition, the matrix asphalt mortar and modified asphalt mortar with different mass ratios of asphalt mortar are selected for indoor aging tests. Physical property tests, low-temperature performance tests, and dynamic shear rheological tests are carried out. The effects of the UV irradiation intensity and mineral powder content on the low temperature performance of the asphalt mortar are studied by variance analysis method, and the reasonable mass ratio range of the asphalt mortar under UV irradiation is proposed based on the standard residual square sum (STRSS) method. The results show that the temperature sensibility and low-temperature deformation energy significantly decrease with the increase in the filler content, while the values of the softening point, fatigue factor (G*sin δ), and creep stiffness modulus of the asphalt mortar increase. In addition, the variance analysis of the creep stiffness modulus aging index (SAI) shows that the ultraviolet radiation intensity has a significant impact on the performance of the asphalt mortar. When the mineral powder content is less than 40%. When the filler content is greater than 40%, the filler content effects the performance of the asphalt mortar. According to the standard residual square sum (STRSS) method, the best mass ratio of the base asphalt mortar is 1.096, and the best mass ratio of the modified asphalt mortar is 0.9091.

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“…The accuracy and transferability of the models has been evaluated by many researchers, such as Tang et al (2011) and Tang et al (2013a), who reported that this model can provide accurate R s over most of the radiation stations, including the TP region. Other researchers (Paulescu and Schlett, 2004;Madkour et al, 2006;Salazar, 2011;Liu et al, 2017) have also evaluated this hybrid model in different locations. Daily meteorological data from 1961 to 2014 at the 724 CMA routine weather stations, marked by the small dots in Figure 1, were used to calculate R s with a high spatial resolution and long time series.…”

Section: Development Of the Hybrid Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of photosynthetically active radiation over China from 1961 to 2014

Tang

Liu

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The aim of this study was to reveal the long‐term variation properties of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) over China. A series of reliable empirical PAR estimation equations suitable for all‐sky conditions were developed using data measured in situ from 2005 to 2014, which were obtained from the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN). These equations were then combined with a hybrid model to reconstruct the PAR from 1961 to 2014 for 724 weather stations belonging to the China Meteorological Administration (CMA). There was a decreasing linear trend in the PAR (with an amplitude of −0.009 mol m−2 day−1 year−1) from 1961 to 1981 and a steady low level of −0.003 mol m−2 day−1 year−1 during 1981–2014 for all of China. The PAR over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) region increased from 1961 to 1984; then, this linear trend slightly changed. The breakpoint years for the northwest China (NWC), southwest China (SWC), north China (NC), northeast China (NEC) and east China (EC) regions were 1985, 1981, 1996, 1998 and 1979, respectively. In addition, the aerosol optical depth, ozone column concentration, cloud cover and water vapour content attenuated the PAR that would otherwise have reached the earth’s surface by approximately 7.59, 1.12, 18.13 and 6.20%, respectively.

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Ultraviolet radiation over China: Spatial distribution and trends

Cited by 70 publications

References 37 publications

Ultraviolet-A Radiation Stimulates Growth of Indoor Cultivated Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings

Ultraviolet-A Radiation Stimulates Growth of Indoor Cultivated Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings

Influence of the Mineral Powder Content on the Asphalt Aging Resistance in High-Altitude Areas Based on Indoor Ultraviolet Light Tests

Trends of photosynthetically active radiation over China from 1961 to 2014

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