Umidade e água disponível no solo em monocultivo de pastagem e sistema silvipastoril com fileiras duplas de eucalipto

Abstract

The expansion of silvipastoral system could be achieved through reform of forage grass monoculture system in soil with a sandy surface layer, but ranchers are concerned that there may be competition for soil water between the pasture and eucalyptus.The objective of this study was to evaluate the moisture and water available in silvipastoral system and forage grass monoculture in different seasons, distance of eucalyptus trunks or terracesat 1 m depth ina Hapludox soil.Reclamation forage grass monoculture was held with cassava (2008-2010), being the eucalyptus seedlings planted simultaneously to the planting of cassava in August 2008. Two systems of terraces spaced 20 m were evaluated: a) forage grass monoculture stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) system and b) silvipastoral system (2x3) +20 with stargrass forage and eucalypttree(Eucalyptus grandis).The soil water content(θ) was determined in four seasons for eucalyptus tree had 2-3-year-old, from July/2010 to March/2011. Use the following sampling positions: 2.5, 5 and 10 m away from the rowsof eucalyptus trees downstream of the terraces. Disturbed soil samples were collected at 0-0.2 m (A horizon –sandy texture), 0.2-0.4 (Bw1–sandy loam texture), and 0.4-0.6, 0.6-0.8 and 0.8-1.0 m (Bw2 –sandy clay cloam). Field capacity and permanent wilting pointwaters contents was determined.The silvipastoral system compared to forage grass monoculture system decreases θ on the horizon Bw2.The θ was within the limits of the water available in the horizons A and Bw1 for the stargrass forage between the double rows of eucalyptus trees in silvipastoral system during the seasons. Thesilvipastoral system implemented does not compromise θ to stargrass forage at 0-0.4 m depth.

Sistemas de Integração Lavoura, Pecuária e Floresta

“…Uma preocupação para a implantação do componente arbóreo dentro do pasto é a competição entre as gramíneas e as árvores pela água. Entretanto, Limberger et al (2020) compararam o conteúdo de água no solo entre os sistemas de monocultivo com pastagem de grama-estrela roxa (Cynodon nlemfuensis) e sistema silvipastoril (com grama-estrela roxa e eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis) em diferentes profundidades. O sistema silvipastoril não comprometeu a disponibilidade de água para a grama-estrela roxa na profundidade de 0 -0,4 m de profundidade.…”