Unbiased estimation of vertebral trabecular connectivity in calcium-restricted ovariectomized minipigs

Boyce, Rogely; Ebert, D.C.; Youngs, T.A.; Paddock, Carol L.; Mosekilde, Li.; Stevens, M.L.; Gundersen, H.J.G.

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(95)00116-u

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In fact, Boyce et al suggested that calciumrestricted ovariectomized Sinclair minipigs may be a useful animal model of cancellous osteopenia and trabecular plate perforation, and be valuable in modeling some of the changes in cancellous bone remodeling, three dimensional architecture, and strength in response to estrogen deficiency [4]. Furthermore, Borah et al used Sinclair S-1 miniature pigs in the study for trabecular architecture and bone strength [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous study has presented that pig has trabecular bone with a lamellar structure and a remodeling sequence similar to that of human bone [26]. Moreover, the studies using pigs or miniature pigs have been performed recently [4,23]. However, although the pig is an excellent model for human bone study, it grows to an excessively large adult body weight of approximately 150 kg.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age-Related Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Miniature Pigs

Inui

Itamoto

Takuma³

et al. 2004

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. Bone mineral density (BMD), distribution of its density and bone histomorphometric parameters were evaluated in lumbar vertebra of normally growing miniature pigs. The fourth lumbar vertebra (L4) of the Göttingen miniature pig were used in this cross-sectional study in vitro. The BMD of the miniature pig was similar to that of humans in tendency of gender differences and some growth patterns during puberty. In these regards this animal appears useful as a model for human bone study. However, the trabecular and cortical BMDs of lumbar spine were extremely high value (399.43 ± 26.36 mg/cm 3 in female trabeculae; 973.06 ± 69.55 mg/cm 3 in female cortical bone; 419.04 ± 34.84 mg/cm 3 in male trabeculae; 1038.81 ± 125.72 mg/cm 3 in male cortical bone in pigs 30 months or more). Furthermore, histomorphometric analysis yielded values that were remarkably different from those found in humans. From these results, it was revealed that miniature pig had a higher bone mass and denser trabecular network than human, indicating that its bone is probably stronger. Therefore, care should be taken in choosing the miniature pig as a bone study model. KEY WORDS: bone mineral density, histomorphometric analyses, lumbar spine, miniature pig.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(6): 599-609, 2004 Metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis are becoming more important because of an aging society in human medicine. These diseases increase the risk of fragility fracture as bone mineral levels decrease, and also reduces their quality of life. Previous studies have reported that bone strength and fracture risk are closely related to bone mineral density (BMD) [6,9,27]. In contrast, several studies have suggested that changes in bone architecture increase fracture risk [29,31,33,34,43]. Therefore, it is necessary to study the changes in both BMD and architecture for more sensitive investigation of the bone disease.Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has been widely investigated and applied in recent years as a means of non-invasive quantification of BMD. It has been reported that QCT might be most sensitive to changes in bone density caused by rapid bone turnover, such as in menopausal immobilization or hyperthyroidism [9]. QCT can selectively measure both trabecular and cortical bone [9,13,22,38], and the BMD is expressed in milligrams per cubic centimeter (volumetric density) [9]. Ebbesen et al. showed highly correlation between BMD by QCT and compressive strength in the lumbar vertebrae [9].Several studies have reported that bone disorders such as osteoporosis lead to trabecular and cortical bone alterations in humans. These alterations are characterized not only by a reduction of bone mass but also by structural changes in microarchitecture which is measured by histomorphometry of bone [29,31,33]. Therefore, it has been considered that histomorphometric analysis have an important role as contributor to bone strength, in addition to BMD.Recently, miniature pig has been noticed as for experimental animal of bone study. The pig is an excel...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Miniature Pigs

Inui

Itamoto

Takuma³

et al. 2004

J. Vet. Med. Sci.

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“…Recently, it was shown that minipigs are comparable to NHP in immunogenicity testing [158,159] and their liver metabolism is similar to that of humans [160]. Additionally, models of porcine osteoporosis have been developed to expand the usefulness of this species for bone research [161][162][163][164].…”

Section: Pigmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rational use of animal models in the evaluation of novel bone regenerative therapies

Perić¹,

Dumić-Čule²,

Grčević³

et al. 2015

Bone

130

116

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“…Osteoporotic bone loss secondary to gonadal steroid depletion is characterized by fenestration of trabecular plates with eventual progression to rods and disconnection of rod-like trabecular elements (114,117,135), therefore resulting in topological changes in the TB network (136). Feldkamp et al(121) previously showed that trabecular bone network connectivity can be expressed in terms its topological characteristics.…”

Section: D Structure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative MRI for the assessment of bone structure and function

et al. 2006

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Osteoporosis is the most common degenerative disease in the elderly. It is characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to morbidity and increased fracture risk in the hip, spine and wrist-all sites of predominantly trabecular bone. Bone densitometry, currently the standard methodology for diagnosis and treatment monitoring, has significant limitations in that it cannot provide information on the structural manifestations of the disease. Recent advances in imaging, in particular MRI, can now provide detailed insight into the architectural consequences of disease progression and regression in response to treatment. The focus of this review is on the emerging methodology of quantitative MRI for the assessment of structure and function of trabecular bone. During the past 10 years, various approaches have been explored for obtaining image-based quantitative information on trabecular architecture. Indirect methods that do not require resolution on the scale of individual trabeculae and therefore can be practiced at any skeletal location, make use of the induced magnetic fields in the intertrabecular space. These fields, which have their origin in the greater diamagnetism of bone relative to surrounding marrow, can be measured in various ways, most typically in the form of R 0 2 , the recoverable component of the total transverse relaxation rate. Alternatively, the trabecular network can be quantified by high-resolution MRI (m-MRI), which requires resolution adequate to at least partially resolve individual trabeculae. Micro-MRI-based structure analysis is therefore technically demanding in terms of image acquisition and algorithms needed to extract the structural information under conditions of limited signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. Other requirements that must be met include motion correction and image registration, both critical for achieving the reproducibility needed in repeat studies. Key clinical applications targeted involve fracture risk prediction and evaluation of the effect of therapeutic intervention.

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Unbiased estimation of vertebral trabecular connectivity in calcium-restricted ovariectomized minipigs

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

Age-Related Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Miniature Pigs

Age-Related Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Miniature Pigs

The rational use of animal models in the evaluation of novel bone regenerative therapies

Quantitative MRI for the assessment of bone structure and function

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