Uncertainties in Digital Elevation Models from Global Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) digital topography data in the Indian subcontinent

Mukul, Manas; Mukul, Malay

doi:10.1007/s12040-020-01523-9

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Therefore, the results calculated for various geomorphic indices may vary depending upon the DEM type used for the study [55]. The satellite data used in the present study is SRTM30 DEM, which is an adequate DEM to calculate tectonic index in lower elevation in Himalayan terrain [56]. The DEM used proved to be efficient for calculating tectonic indexes and is accurate enough to analyze the tectonic geomorphology of the drainage network draining the fault blocks in the Garhwal synform [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphological and Statistical Assessment of Tilt-Block Tectonics in the Garhwal Synform: Implications for the Active Tectonics, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

2021

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Active tectonics is manifested in geomorphological features such as drainage basins and drainage patterns. Geomorphic parameters asymmetry factor (AF) and transverse topography symmetry factor (T) is calculated for 94 third order basins of the Garhwal synform to decipher the tilt-block tectonics based on remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) techniques. The quantitative analysis of the AF suggests that all the 94 basins are asymmetric and gentle to steeply tilted, indicating active tectonics and early and late stage of development, respectively. The mean vector magnitude (θv) of T suggests the migration of the basin stream towards the south in most basins (60%), suggesting a unidirectional tilting of the tectonic block. The χ2 test for statistical significance indicates that the θv is significant for southern and northern limb basins. The χ2 test affirms that the third order basin position on either side of the main channel of the river basin influences the tilt direction. The regional tectonics suggests migration of the Lansdowne klippe towards the south, as the majority of third order basins show southward tilt. The study provides a quick appraisal of tilting in the tectonic blocks of active margins, such as in the Himalayas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphological and Statistical Assessment of Tilt-Block Tectonics in the Garhwal Synform: Implications for the Active Tectonics, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

2021

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“…The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), conducted aboard the space shuttle Endeavour in February 2000 34 , 35 , provides the pre-flood topographic data with a spatial resolution of 1 arc-second ( https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ ). On the other hand, The Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) data, acquired after its launch in January 2006 34 , 35 , offers the post-flood topographic information at the same spatial resolution ( https://search.asf.alaska.edu/ ). To determine the topographic changes resulting from the 2000 Yigong outburst flood, the ALOS post-flood dataset was subtracted from the SRTM pre-flood topography dataset.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of the erosion and deposition effects of landslide-dam outburst flood, Eastern Himalaya

Dong,

Wang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Both regular flow and infrequent outburst floods shape the mountain landscape, but their relative contributions have been widely debated, in part due to the paucity of quantitative data on historical outburst floods. In June 2000, an outburst flood was triggered by a landslide-dam failure in a rapidly exhumed region of the Eastern Himalaya. To investigate the role of this kind outburst flood on landscape evolution, we employ topographic differencing, satellite imagery, and 2D hydraulic simulations to quantify the equivalent erosion and deposition within ~ 80 km flood route downstream of the breach. The flood lasted for ~ 10 h, with a peak discharge of 105 m3/s, leading to average erosion of 10 m, and contributed ~ 1–2 × 103 times more sediment than over long-term mean fluvial processes. The flood produced extensive lateral erosion, which triggered a threefold widening of the valley floor and abundant subsequent landslides. The ubiquitous boulder bars deposited in the channel inhibited incision, and facilitated lateral erosion after the flood. The resulting channel configuration and extensive bank erosion continue to affect fluvial dynamics until the next catastrophic flood that remobilizes the boulders. Our quantitative findings highlight the profound importance of recurrent outburst floods for gorge development and landscape evolution in Eastern Himalaya.

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“…Pre-ood topography data (SRTM, 1 arc-second, own onboard the space shuttle Endeavour in February 2000 31,43 ) was subtracted from post-ood topography data (ALOS, 1 arc-second, launched in January 2006 31,43 ), to generate a map of elevation difference referred to below as DOD.…”

Section: Mapping Of Topographic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outburst floods strongly influence valley evolution in the Tsangpo Gorge, Eastern Himalaya

Dong

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Regular flows and infrequent outburst floods shape many mountain landscapes, but the relative contributions from these gradual processes and infrequent high-magnitude events have been widely debated, in part due to a paucity of reliable data from historical outburst floods. Here we quantify erosion and deposition from a catastrophic outburst flood in June 2000, caused by a landslide-dam failure on the Yigong River in a rapidly exhumed region of the Eastern Himalaya. The flood, with a peak discharge of 105 m3/s, lasted for only ~ 10 hours, but its geomorphic effects were equivalent to the cumulative effect of 1–2×103 years of long-term fluvial processes in the region. Ubiquitous boulder bars deposited in the channel by the flood promoted extensive lateral erosion through increased bed roughness. As a result, the valley floor widened threefold, triggering many additional secondary landslides, which contributed boulders to the riverbed. The resultant widespread bank erosion and concurrent landslides will continue to influence fluvial dynamics until the next catastrophic flood remobilizes the boulders. Our quantitative findings highlight the importance of recurrent outburst floods for gorge development and landscape evolution in southern Asia and in rapidly uplifting mountain belts worldwide. Teaser Infrequent outburst floods from short-lived natural dams strongly impact fluvial and hillslope processes in rapidly uplifting mountain belts, and they are a major process of incision and gorge formation in river valleys.

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Uncertainties in Digital Elevation Models from Global Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) digital topography data in the Indian subcontinent

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Geomorphological and Statistical Assessment of Tilt-Block Tectonics in the Garhwal Synform: Implications for the Active Tectonics, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

Geomorphological and Statistical Assessment of Tilt-Block Tectonics in the Garhwal Synform: Implications for the Active Tectonics, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

Quantitative assessment of the erosion and deposition effects of landslide-dam outburst flood, Eastern Himalaya

Outburst floods strongly influence valley evolution in the Tsangpo Gorge, Eastern Himalaya

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