Uncontrolled immune response in acute myocardial infarction

The Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease

“…However, in AMI patients the slight decrease in lymphocytes number at the onset of the acute event was emphasized in the longitudinal study where their number significantly increased to 40 days. Lymphopenia was previously described in the literature (Bodi et al, 2008). The reason for the fall in T lymphocytes numbers and activity is not yet completely understood (Takeshita et al, 1997), but several authors proposed that could result from a self-protective response in face of an overshoot of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other products with tissue-damage potential Elenkov et al, 2005).…”

“…When mobilized in immune responses, lymphocytes undergo clonal burst, differentiate into distinct types of effector cells, and memorize information about the antigen (Bodi et al, 2008). Little is known regarding the role of lymphocytes, which play an important role in the control of the inflammatory system and in the pathophysiology of coronary disease (Bodi et al, 2008). Several studies had demonstrated that the adaptative immunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (Blum & Yeganeh, 2003;Methe et al, 2005;Han et al, 2007;Packard et al, 2009;Hansson, 2009).…”

“…Neutrophils, however, live only for hours and generate no memory of their engagement, which is carried out through inherited receptors that are similar in all hosts, while lymphocytes are long-lived cells that can survive for decades, and the lymphocyte repertoire is tailored for each individual. When mobilized in immune responses, lymphocytes undergo clonal burst, differentiate into distinct types of effector cells, and memorize information about the antigen (Bodi et al, 2008). Little is known regarding the role of lymphocytes, which play an important role in the control of the inflammatory system and in the pathophysiology of coronary disease (Bodi et al, 2008).…”

“…Monocytes infiltrate the infarct zone where they appear to orchestrate the cardiac repair and remodeling process through a complex cascade involving cytokines and growth factors secretion (Dragu et al, 2008). Their number is reported (Bodi et al, 2008) to increase 2 to 3 www.intechopen.com Coronary Angiography -Advances in Noninvasive Imaging Approach for Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease 300 days after the acute episode. The elapsed time between neutrophils and monocytes responses was observed in the present study, as monocyte count peak was only reached at day 2 in AMI patients.…”

“…The immune cells can be related to both processes. The increase in total white blood-cells occurring in AMI patients is considered as an expression of acute-phase reaction (Dragu et al, 2008;Bodi et al, 2008), reflecting the infiltration of leukocytes into the necrotic tissue in response to ischemia and reperfusion. Neutrophils are the first leukocytes to be found in damaged myocardial area (Yu et al, 2009).…”