Uncoupled relationship in the brain between regional homogeneity and attention function in first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia

Hong, Wenjun; Zhao, Zhiyong; Shen, Zhe; Sun, Bin; Li, Shangda; Mekbib, Destaw B; Xu, Yi; Huang, Manli; Xu, Dongrong

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.110990

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Patients with SZ exhibit increased ReHo values in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) [11][12][13], medial prefrontal cortex [14], angular gyrus [15], precentral gyrus [16], and superior temporal gyrus [13] and decreased ReHo values in the superior temporal gyrus [13][14][15][16], occipital lobes [12,15,17], parietal lobule [14,16], precentral lobule [13,14], and postcentral gyrus [13,15,16]. A recent study showed positive correlations between attention function and mean ReHo values in the left middle frontal gyrus, right inferior/ middle temporal gyrus, angular gyrus, and inferior/superior parietal lobe in healthy control group, but no significant correlations were found in SZ group [18].…”

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confidence: 96%

Relationships between abnormal neural activities and cognitive impairments in patients with drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia

et al. 2020

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Background: Prior resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies (rs-fMRI) via the regional homogeneity (ReHo) method have demonstrated inconsistent and conflicting results because of several confounding factors, such as small sample size, medicinal influence, and illness duration. Relationships between ReHo measures and cognitive impairments in patients with drug-naive First-Episode Schizophrenia (dn-FES) are rarely reported. This study was conducted to explore the correlations between ReHo measures and cognitive deficits and clinical symptoms in patients with dn-FES. Methods: A total of 69 patients with dn-FES and 74 healthy controls were recruited. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), and Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used to assess cognitive function, Intelligence Quotient (IQ), and clinical symptoms, respectively. The correlations between ReHo maps and cognitive deficits and the severity of symptoms were examined using strict correlation analysis. Results: ReHo values in right Middle Frontal Gyrus (MFG) and Superior Frontal Gyrus (SFG) increased in dn-FES group, whereas ReHo values in right cuneus decreased. Correlation analysis showed that the ReHo values in right MFG positively correlated with attention/vigilance impairments, social cognition deficits, and the severity of clinical manifestations. Conclusions: These findings suggested that abnormal spontaneous activities in right MFG reflect illness severity and cognitive deficits, which also serve as a basis for establishing objective diagnostic markers and might be a clinical intervention target for treating patients with schizophrenia.

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confidence: 96%

Relationships between abnormal neural activities and cognitive impairments in patients with drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia

et al. 2020

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“…Interestingly, greater cortical volume reduction in medicated adults and adolescents with SZ has been associated with greater clinical improvement at 3-year followup independent of medication types or baseline or follow-up clinical severity (Gur et al, 1998;Sporn et al, 2003). Some data found a negative correlation between cortical volume and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the right inferior temporal gyrus in drug-naïve SZ but not in HC, suggesting that cortical volume reductions could be associated with increased ReHo (greater brain network integration) in SZ (Hong et al, 2019). In addition, cortical thinning has also been observed in highrisk people without disease onset (Bois et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Antipsychotic Effects on Cortical Morphology in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders

et al. 2020

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Background: Previous studies of atypical antipsychotic effects on cortical structures in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) have findings that vary between the short and long term. In particular, there has not been a study exploring the effects of atypical antipsychotics on age-related cortical structural changes in SZ and BD. This study aimed to determine whether mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment (mean duration = 20 months) is associated with cortical structural changes and whether age-related cortical structural changes are affected by atypical antipsychotics.Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging images were obtained from 445 participants consisting of 88 medicated patients (67 with SZ, 21 with BD), 84 unmedicated patients (50 with SZ, 34 with BD), and 273 healthy controls (HC). Surface-based analyses were employed to detect differences in thickness and area among the three groups. We examined the age-related effects of atypical antipsychotics after excluding the potential effects of illness duration.Results: Significant differences in cortical thickness were observed in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and insular areas and the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus. The medicated group showed greater cortical thinning in these regions than the unmediated group and HC; furthermore, there were age-related differences in the effects of atypical antipsychotics, and these effects did not relate to illness duration. Moreover, cortical thinning was significantly correlated with lower symptom scores and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) deficits in patients. After false discovery rate correction, cortical thinning in the right middle temporal gyrus in patients was significantly positively correlated with lower HAMD scores. The unmedicated group showed only greater frontotemporal thickness than the HC group.Conclusion: Mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic use may adversely affect cortical thickness over the course of treatment and ageing and may also result in worsening cognitive function.

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“…In term of cognitive dysfunction, a study on subjects with a genetically high risk of schizophrenia has demonstrated that delayed recall is negatively associated with decreased ReHo values in the right superior frontal gyrus. Uncoupled relationships in patients with schizophrenia between abnormal ReHo values in several regions and attention impairments are found (20). Fluency scores and stroop color-word test scores are related to abnormal ReHo values (14,15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Enhanced Prefrontal Regional Homogeneity and Its Correlations With Cognitive Dysfunction/Psychopathology in Patients With First-Diagnosed and Drug-Naive Schizophrenia

et al. 2020

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Background: Schizophrenia, regarded as a neurodevelopmental disorder, is characterized by positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive dysfunction. Investigating the spontaneous brain activity in patients with schizophrenia can help us understand the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of schizophrenia. However, results concerning abnormal neural activities and their correlations with cognitive dysfunction/psychopathology of patients with schizophrenia were inconsistent. Methods: We recruited 57 first-diagnosed and drug-naive patients with schizophrenia and 50 matched healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery were used to assess the psychopathology/cognitive dysfunction. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was used to explore neural activities. Correlation analyses were calculated between abnormal ReHo values and PANSS scores/standardized cognitive scores. Lastly, support vector machine analyses were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of abnormal ReHo values in distinguishing patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls. Results: Patients with schizophrenia showed cognitive dysfunction, and increased ReHo values in the right gyrus rectus, right inferior frontal gyrus/insula and left inferior frontal gyrus/insula compared with those of healthy controls. The ReHo values in the right inferior frontal gyrus/insula were positively correlated with negative symptom scores and negatively correlated with Hopkins verbal learning test-revised/verbal learning. Our results showed that the combination of increased ReHo values in the left inferior frontal gyrus/insula and right gyrus rectus had 78.5% (84/107) accuracy, 85.96% (49/57) sensitivity, and 70.00% specificity, which were higher than other combinations. Gao et al. ReHo and Cognition/Psychopathology in Schizophrenia Conclusions: Hyperactivities were primarily located in the prefrontal regions, and increased ReHo values in the right inferior frontal gyrus/insula might reflect the severity of negative symptoms and verbal learning abilities. The combined increases of ReHo values in these regions might be an underlying biomarker in differentiating patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls.

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Uncoupled relationship in the brain between regional homogeneity and attention function in first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Relationships between abnormal neural activities and cognitive impairments in patients with drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia

Relationships between abnormal neural activities and cognitive impairments in patients with drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia

Antipsychotic Effects on Cortical Morphology in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders

Enhanced Prefrontal Regional Homogeneity and Its Correlations With Cognitive Dysfunction/Psychopathology in Patients With First-Diagnosed and Drug-Naive Schizophrenia

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