Under Pressure: The Chronic Effects of Lower-Body Compression Garment Use during a 6-Week Military Training Course

Edgar, David T.; Beaven, Christopher Martyn; Gill, Nicholas; Driller, Matthew W.

doi:10.3390/ijerph19073912

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(48 reference statements)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The findings we present are the first to report deleterious effects from CG on muscular adaptation, contradicting previous findings which suggest variable, but likely positive effects on strength, power and endurance outcomes (Baum et al., 2020 ; Edgar et al., 2022 ). However, the adaptations underpinning RBE are likely distinct from those elicited by either hypertrophy or endurance training (Hyldahl et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…One seemingly effective recovery strategy for EIMD is the use of compression garments (CG), which has been associated with ameliorated strength losses, swelling and cellular disruption in both trained and untrained participants (Brown et al., 2017 ; Marques‐Jimenez et al., 2016 ). However, the effects of CG on adaptation have received little attention (Baum et al., 2020 ; Edgar et al., 2022 ). Robust data on the effects of compression on muscular adaptation are required to guide the use of CG for recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of medical grade compression garments on the repeated‐bout effect in non‐resistance‐trained men

Brown,

Hill,

Renshaw

et al. 2023

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of compression garments on recovery from unaccustomed damaging exercise and subsequent protective adaptations? What is the main finding and its importance? Compression did not influence recovery, but was associated with blunted protective adaptations for isokinetic performance, which were completely absent at high velocities. Based on these findings, the use of compression garments for recovery would not be recommended following unaccustomed exercise, particularly if the maintenance of high‐velocity performance following exercise‐induced muscle damage is desirable. AbstractWhilst compression garments (CG) may enhance recovery from exercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD), many recovery strategies can attenuate adaptative responses. Therefore, the effects of CG on recovery from EIMD, and the rapid protective adaptations known as the repeated bout effect (RBE) were investigated. Thirty‐four non‐resistance‐trained males (18–45 years) randomly received class II medical‐grade CG or placebo for 72 h following eccentrically‐focused lower‐body exercise, in a double‐blind, randomised controlled trial. Indices of EIMD were assessed at baseline, 0, 24, 48 and 72 h post‐exercise, before exercise and testing were repeated after 14 days. Results were analysed using a three‐way (time × condition × bout) linear mixed‐effects model. Exercise impaired isometric and isokinetic strength, with soreness and thigh circumference elevated for 72 h (P < 0.001). Compression did not enhance recovery (P > 0.05), despite small to moderate effect sizes (ES, reported alongside 90% confidence intervals) for isokinetic strength (ES from 0.2 [−0.41, 0.82] to 0.65 [0.03, 1.28]). All variables recovered faster after the repeated bout (P < 0.005). However, RBE for peak isokinetic force was impaired in CG at 60° s−1 (group × bout interaction: χ2 = 4.24, P = 0.0395; ES = −0.56 [−1.18, 0.07]) and completely absent at 120° s−1 (χ2 = 16.2, P < 0.001, ES = −0.96 [−1.61, −0.32]) and 180° s−1 (χ2 = 10.4, P = 0.001, ES = −0.72 [−1.35, −0.09]). Compression blunted RBE at higher isokinetic velocities without improving recovery in non‐resistance‐trained males, potentially contraindicating their use following unaccustomed exercise in this population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of medical grade compression garments on the repeated‐bout effect in non‐resistance‐trained men

Brown,

Hill,

Renshaw

et al. 2023

Experimental Physiology

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“…Thus, future studies can investigate the long-term effects of repetitive training protocols with compression garments on exercise performances. Perhaps, long-term training with compression garments may prevent the overuse of muscles and joints and athletic injuries presumably facilitating the efficacy of training programs [82]. Further, despite the potential advantages of compression garments with respect to neurophysiological, biomechanical, or perceptual components, how these improvements in the motor system support specific exercise performances is still inconclusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compression Sportswear Improves Speed, Endurance, and Functional Motor Performances: A Meta-Analysis

Lee,

Kim,

Chae

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Compression sportswear is widely used for enhancing exercise performances, facilitating recovery, and preventing injuries. Despite prior findings that confirmed positive effects on physical recovery after exercises, whether compression sportswear can enhance exercise performances has not been determined. Thus, this systematic meta-analysis examined the effects of compression sportswear on exercise performances including speed, endurance, strength and power, functional motor performance, and sport-related performance. We calculated effect sizes by comparing changes in exercise performances between the compression garment and the control group. Two additional moderator variable analyses determined whether altered exercise performances were different based on the types of participants and compression sportswear. For the total 769 participants from 42 included studies, the random-effect model found that compression sportswear significantly improved speed, endurance, and functional motor performances. Additional moderator variable analyses identified significant positive effects on speed for athletes, and endurance and functional motor performance for moderately trained adults. Further, whole-body compression garments were beneficial for improving speed, and lower-body compression garments effectively advanced endurance performances. For functional motor performances, both upper- and lower-body suits were effective. These findings suggest that wearing compression sportswear may be a viable strategy to enhance overall exercise performances.

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“…Five studies were identified and grouped within the 'Musculoskeletal disorders' outcome domain [50][51][52][53][54]. Three interventions were coded as 'Physiological modificationssupport/compression', 1 intervention was coded as 'Physiological modifications-mixed physical training' and 1 intervention was coded as 'Multifaceted'.…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Workplace Interventions to Support Young Workers’ Safety, Work Environment and Health

Sundstrup,

Seeberg,

Dyreborg

et al. 2024

J Occup Rehabil

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Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to support young workers’ work environment, safety and health. Methods A systematic search was conducted in bibliographic databases including PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection and PsycInfo for English or Scandinavian articles published from 2007 to 2022. The PICO strategy guided the assessment of study relevance and the bibliographical search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs in which (1) participants were young workers (mean age: 15–29), (2) interventions were initiated and/or carried out at the workplace, (3) a comparison group was included, and (4) an outcome measure related to work environment, safety and health was reported. We categorized each included study using the intervention classification framework. The quality assessment and evidence synthesis adhered to the guidelines developed by the Institute for Work & Health (Toronto, Canada). Results A total of 33 high and medium quality studies showed a moderate level of evidence for no benefit of ‘Mental training’ on stress. We found limited evidence of a positive effect of the following intervention types: ‘Attitude and belief’ on mental health problems, ‘Behavior based’ on anxiety, and ‘Multifaceted’ on hand eczema. We found limited evidence for no benefit of the following intervention types: ‘Mental training’ on mental health problems, and ‘Physiological modifications’ on musculoskeletal disorders. The remaining intervention types showed mixed or insufficient evidence. Conclusions Except for a moderate level of evidence for no benefit of ‘Mental training’ on stress, the evidence synthesis recommends, that there is not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practices. The results emphasizes a strong need for high quality interventions specifically aiming at increasing or maintaining young workers’ work environment, safety and health. Included studies focused mainly on individual measures, highlighting the need for studies investigating possible preventive measures at the group or organizational level.

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Under Pressure: The Chronic Effects of Lower-Body Compression Garment Use during a 6-Week Military Training Course

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

The effect of medical grade compression garments on the repeated‐bout effect in non‐resistance‐trained men

The effect of medical grade compression garments on the repeated‐bout effect in non‐resistance‐trained men

Compression Sportswear Improves Speed, Endurance, and Functional Motor Performances: A Meta-Analysis

Systematic Review of Workplace Interventions to Support Young Workers’ Safety, Work Environment and Health

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