Understanding Postprandial Inflammation and Its Relationship to Lifestyle Behaviour and Metabolic Diseases

Klop, Boudewijn; Proctor, Spencer D.; Mamo, John; Botham, Kathleen M.; Cabezas, Manuel Castro

doi:10.1155/2012/947417

Cited by 75 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…In addition, postprandial inflammation is part of the normal stress reaction of the cell in response to the ingestion of food (HernandezAguilera et al, 2013). Nutrients thus appear to be able to modulate the inflammatory status of humans and inflammation has consequently emerged as an important research topic in food and nutrition sciences (Calder et al, 2011;Calder et al, 2013;Klop et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, many articles have been published on this relationship, but systematic reviews are scarce (Labonte et al, 2013) and incomplete. The association between the consumption of dairy products and inflammation in humans, thus merits clarification for the following reasons: (i) milk and dairy products play qualitatively and quantitatively an important role in human nutrition (Haug et al, 2007); (ii) inflammation, in particular low-grade systemic inflammation, has a significant impact on human health and longevity (Candore et al, 2010); (iii) nutrient metabolism and inflammation are mechanistically closely interconnected (Hotamisligil, 2006;Calder et al, 2011;Klop et al, 2012;Calder et al, 2013;Hernandez-Aguilera et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dairy products and inflammation: A review of the clinical evidence

Bordoni

Danesi

Dardevet

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

179

121

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Inflammation is a major biological process regulating the interaction between organisms and the environment, including the diet. Because of the increase in chronic inflammatory diseases, and in light of the immune-regulatory properties of breastfeeding, the ability of dairy products to modulate inflammatory processes in humans is an important but unresolved issue. Here, we report a systematic review of 52 clinical trials investigating inflammatory markers in relation to the consumption of dairy products. An inflammatory score (IS) was defined to quantitatively evaluate this interaction. The IS was significantly positive for the entire data set, indicating an anti-inflammatory activity in humans. When the subjects were stratified according to their health status, the IS was strongly indicative of an antiinflammatory activity in subjects with metabolic disorders and of a pro-inflammatory activity in subjects allergic to bovine milk. Stratifying the data by product categories associated both low-fat and high-fat products, as well as fermented products, with an anti-inflammatory activity. Remarkably, the literature is characterized by a large gap in knowledge on bioavailability of bioactive nutrients. Future research should thus better combine food and nutritional sciences to adequately follow the fate of these nutrients along the gastrointestinal and metabolic axes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy products and inflammation: A review of the clinical evidence

Bordoni

Danesi

Dardevet

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

179

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A postprandial inflammatory reaction can be observed, if meals contain high amounts of fat along with with refined sugar or linoleic acid [32] [33]. This also applies when humans consume grain-fed animal meat [34] [35] [36]. As a consequence, the postprandial inflammation acts as the catalyst for the development of endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, obesity, IR and chronic LGI [37] [30] [38] [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To Restore Health, “Do we Have to Go Back to the Future?” The Impact of a 4-Day Paleolithic Lifestyle Change on Human Metabolism – a Pilot Study.

Freese

Nunez²,

Heynck

et al. 2013

jevohealth

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On their way from the Stone Age via the Agricultural Revolution to current high-tech conditions, humans lost their primal foraging behavior. Today, energy expenditure is not necessary anymore for gathering nor hunting, and metabolic diseases are epidemically arising wherever our original Paleolithic lifestyle is turning into a modern sedentary lifestyle. In this pilot study, we followed through the concept that a radical change towards a Paleolithic hunter-gatherer lifestyle could serve as therapy against any metaflammatory disease, even in the short term. Thirteen healthy adult volunteers were transferred to the DELUX National Park (Germany and Luxembourg) for four days and three nights, where Stone Age conditions where mimicked. Thirty-eight biochemical and bioelectrical parameters were measured from participants before and after this relocation. Body weight (-3,9%), body fat (-7,5%), body mass index (-3,8%), visceral fat area (-14,4%) and metaflammation-related parameters (fasting glucose = -18,2%; fasting insulin = -50,1%; HOMA = -57,8%) decreased significantly. C-reactive protein, as the main indicator for low-grade inflammation, increased up to an average of 169,6 %. Our data show that returning to our Paleolithic roots may have positive effects on risk factors commonly associated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. These findings may lead the way to further research to answer the question whether the already existing metabolic conditions and/or autoimmune and neuroinflammatory diseases could be influenced by a Paleolithic lifestyle. Introduction Along the way from stone age via agriculture revolution to modern high tech conditions, humans lost their primal foraging behavior. In western society, energy dense food is always available and human existance does not rely on exercise to survive anymore. More than 2,5 million years of mankind, abundant physical activity and fasting during the day as well as food intake after sunset (which serves as a reward for successful hunting and gathering) represented the general case. Therefore, humans developed an extraordinary flexible metabolic system, trained by daily and seasonal fluctuations of food and water supply, thermic and immunological challenges as well as hiking and hunting under fasting conditions.

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“…Still, an important residual cardiovascular risk, which is independent of LDL cholesterol levels, remains (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Chylomicrons (CMs), chylomicron remnants (CMRs), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs), cumulatively known as triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), contribute significantly to postprandial lipemia (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of growth hormone-releasing hormone in dyslipidemia associated with experimental type 1 diabetes

Romero

Lucas

Dou

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Dyslipidemia associated with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) represents an important residual risk factor for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Levels of growth hormone (GH) are elevated in T1D, which aggravates both hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) regulates the release of GH by the pituitary but also exerts separate actions on peripheral GHRH receptors, the functional role of which remains elusive in T1D. In a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D, GHRH receptor expression was found to be up-regulated in the distal small intestine, a tissue involved in chylomicron synthesis. Treatment of T1D rats with a GHRH antagonist, MIA-602, at a dose that did not affect plasma GH levels, significantly reduced TRL, as well as markers of renal injury, and improved endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) reduces hyperglucagonemia and postprandial TRL, the latter in part through a decreased synthesis of apolipoprotein B-48 (ApoB-48) by intestinal cells. Although plasma GLP-1 levels were elevated in diabetic animals, this was accompanied by increased rather than reduced glucagon levels, suggesting impaired GLP-1 signaling. Treatment with MIA-602 normalized GLP-1 and glucagon to control levels in T1D rats. MIA-602 also decreased secretion of ApoB-48 from rat intestinal epithelial cells in response to oleic acid stimulation in vitro, in part through a GLP-1-dependent mechanism. Our findings support the hypothesis that antagonizing the signaling of GHRH in T1D may improve GLP-1 function in the small intestine, which, in turn, diminishes TRL and reduces renal and vascular complications.yslipidemia frequently accompanies type 1 diabetes (T1D) and represents an important component of the disease, imposing cardiovascular risk and correlating with renal dysfunction (1, 2). Current clinical approaches directed toward diabetic dyslipidemia, including changes in lifestyle, stringent glycemic control, lipid lowering therapy, or combinations thereof, offer limited benefit, thus emphasizing the need for the development of novel therapies.Therapy with statins reduces major cardiovascular events largely through reduction of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (3). Still, an important residual cardiovascular risk, which is independent of LDL cholesterol levels, remains (4-8). Chylomicrons (CMs), chylomicron remnants (CMRs), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs), cumulatively known as triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), contribute significantly to postprandial lipemia (9). Increased TRL levels represent an important additional risk factor for atherosclerosis (10), particularly in subjects with diabetes or the metabolic syndrome (11).Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone secreted in the small intestine, promotes postprandial insulin release, thereby reducing blood glucose levels (12). Endogenous GLP-1 also reduces postprandial glucagon secretion through direct actions on p...

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Understanding Postprandial Inflammation and Its Relationship to Lifestyle Behaviour and Metabolic Diseases

Cited by 75 publications

References 133 publications

Dairy products and inflammation: A review of the clinical evidence

Dairy products and inflammation: A review of the clinical evidence

To Restore Health, “Do we Have to Go Back to the Future?” The Impact of a 4-Day Paleolithic Lifestyle Change on Human Metabolism – a Pilot Study.

Role of growth hormone-releasing hormone in dyslipidemia associated with experimental type 1 diabetes

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