Understanding the development patterns of informal settlements in Nairobi

Ono, Haruka; Kidokoro, Tetsuo

doi:10.1002/2475-8876.12161

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A series of upgrading programs has been implemented. However, due to the lack of accurate understanding of the characteristics of informal population distribution, many efforts have not achieved the expected results [52,53]. Our study concludes that the settlements nearby the 4-km and 8-km belts are more attractive to new urban immigrants.…”

Section: Suggestions To Policymakers In Urban Managementmentioning

confidence: 71%

Population Density and Spatial Patterns of Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

et al. 2020

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The widespread informal settlements in Nairobi have interested many researchers and urban policymakers. Reasonable planning of urban density is the key to sustainable development. By using the spatial population data of 2000, 2010, and 2020, this study aims to explore the changes in population density and spatial patterns of informal settlements in Nairobi. The result of spatial correlation analysis shows that the informal settlements are the centers of population growth and agglomeration and are mostly distributed in the belts of 4 and 8 km from Nairobi’s central business district (CBD). A series of population density models in Nairobi were examined; it showed that the correlation between population density and distance to CBD was positive within a 4 km area, while for areas outside 8 km, they were negatively related. The factors determining population density distribution are also discussed. We argue that where people choose to settle is a decision process between the expected benefits and the cost of living; the informal settlements around the 4-km belt in Nairobi has become the choice for most poor people. This paper ends with suggestions for urban planning and upgrading informal settlements. The findings will increase our understanding of urban population distribution in underdeveloped countries.

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Section: Suggestions To Policymakers In Urban Managementmentioning

confidence: 71%

Population Density and Spatial Patterns of Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

et al. 2020

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“…These communities, which often have 10s or 100s of thousands of residents living in relatively small, densely populated areas are often treated as a single, homogenous unit of analysis in research. However, the built environment, for example, housing and non‐residential structures; access to basic services like water, sanitation, and electricity; access to roads; security, such as police points or government offices; and land ownership vary considerably between villages in a single informal settlement (Ono & Kidokoro, 2020). Findings from this study suggest, perhaps unsurprisingly, that women’s perceptions and experiences of their communities also vary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Cohesion, Perceptions of Disorder, and the Geography of Women’s Fear of Crime in Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

Winter

Johnson

Obara

2021

American J of Comm Psychol

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Fear of crime is more pervasive and harder to address than crime itself and can cause physical and psychological health complications, particularly for women. Fear of crime is not always grounded in direct exposure to crime. Instead, it may be more directly linked to social cohesion and/or perceptions of neighborhood disorder, but little is known about these associations in informal settlements. This paper sought to explore these relationships in Mathare—a large informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya. Using responses from surveys with 550 women in Mathare, we conducted regression, mediation, and moderated mediation analyses to investigate relationships between neighborhood disorder, fear of crime, and neighborhood cohesion and explore how these associations vary across geographic spaces (villages). Findings suggest that women’s perceptions of neighborhood disorder are associated with fear of crime; neighborhood cohesion partially mediates the relationship between perceptions of neighborhood disorder and fear of crime; women’s fear of crime varies by village; and the mediating role of neighborhood cohesion also varies by village. Efforts to build and strengthen social cohesion in informal settlements may help to reduce women’s fear of crime, but more research is needed to explore under what conditions and in what spaces interventions are the most effective.

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“…On the contrary, uniform strip-shaped structures are more common in Jua Kali and MCC. MCC, which is the latest in development, is leading to the development of apartments, tenements, and flats and can be considered as a "formal-looking" settlement instead of a "slum" (Ono, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring inclusive developments of water supply management in urban informal areas. Case studies from Mumbai and Nairobi

Lim¹,

Ono²

2020

Proceedings of the 56th ISOCARP World Planning Congress

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This study examines how the development of water supply management happens over time in distinct types of informal areas in Mumbai and Nairobi. The financial differences and political barriers in both cities, together with the vast diversity factors, development patterns, and challenges of each study area show that reconsidering different approaches is significant in developing more inclusive paradigms in water provision in informal areas. Relevant to these concerns, this study aims to clarify water practices and explore inclusive ways of developing water supply management through the analyses of water provision modes and network systems in each study area. A series of field studies on the type of water sources and facilities, parties involved in water practices, and characteristics of water development was performed in six case studies (i.e., three in Mumbai and three in Nairobi) from 2014 to 2019. The main findings of this study show that an unconventional informal tenure system constrains the settlement typology and development of the physical access of service facilities in study areas. Moreover, the different measures taken by Mumbai and Nairobi in providing water supply to informal areas result in an unequal path for water development and various vulnerability levels. Therefore, we argue that the mixtures of policy- and practice-rooted practices ensure a more inclusive water development because they would lead to the sociotechnical arrangements of the technical system and institutional arrangements that better fit the local conditions characterized by different spatial structures and social variables.

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Understanding the development patterns of informal settlements in Nairobi

Abstract: Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ). This paper is based on the translation of the Japanese version with some slight modifications.

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Population Density and Spatial Patterns of Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

Population Density and Spatial Patterns of Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

Neighborhood Cohesion, Perceptions of Disorder, and the Geography of Women’s Fear of Crime in Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

Exploring inclusive developments of water supply management in urban informal areas. Case studies from Mumbai and Nairobi

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