Understanding the Gut Microbiota in Pediatric Patients with Alopecia Areata and their Siblings: A Pilot Study

Rangu, Sneha; Lee, Jung-Jin; Hu, Weiming; Bittinger, Kyle; Castelo‐Soccio, Leslie

doi:10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100051

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Moreover, R. bicirculans lower abundance was recently associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension severity 55 and alopecia areata. 56 Considering its abundance reduction, especially in the tCD-TG+, its possible involvement in inflammatory/autoimmune processes cannot be excluded. Interestingly, a high abundance of Prevotella and a low representation of the Ruminococcus genus were observed in stool samples of a Rhesus macaque model of CD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten-free diet affects fecal small non-coding RNA profiles and microbiome composition in celiac disease supporting a host-gut microbiota crosstalk

et al. 2023

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Current treatment for celiac disease (CD) is adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD), although its long-term molecular effects are still undescribed. New molecular features detectable in stool may improve and facilitate noninvasive clinical management of CD. For this purpose, fecal small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and gut microbiome profiles were concomitantly explored in CD subjects in relation to strict (or not) GFD adherence over time. In this observational study, we performed small RNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing in stool from 63 treated CD (tCD) and 3 untreated subjects as well as 66 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. tCD included 51 individuals on strict GFD and with negative transglutaminase (TG) serology (tCD-TG-) and 12 symptomatic with not strict/short-time of GFD adherence and positive TG serology (tCD-TG+). Samples from additional 40 healthy adult individuals and a cohort of 19 untreated pediatric CD subjects and 19 sex/age matched controls were analyzed to further test the outcomes. Several miRNA and microbial profiles were altered in tCD subjects (adj. p < .05). Findings were validated in the external group of adult controls. In tCD-TG-, GFD duration correlated with five miRNA levels (p < .05): for miR-4533-3p and miR-2681-3p, the longer the diet adherence, the less the expression differed from controls. tCD-TG+ and untreated pediatric CD patients showed a similar miRNA dysregulation. Immune-response, trans-membrane transport and cell death pathways were enriched in targets of identified miRNAs. Bifidobacterium longum, Ruminococcus bicirculans , and Haemophilus parainfluenzae abundances shifted (adj. p < .05) with a progressive reduction of denitrification pathways with GFD length. Integrative analysis highlighted 121 miRNA-bacterial relationships (adj. p < .05). Specific molecular patterns in stool characterize CD subjects, reflecting either the long-term GFD effects or the gut inflammatory status, in case of a not strict/short-time adherence. Our findings suggest novel host-microbial interplays and could help the discovery of biomarkers for GFD monitoring over time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten-free diet affects fecal small non-coding RNA profiles and microbiome composition in celiac disease supporting a host-gut microbiota crosstalk

et al. 2023

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“… 44 Another study of children with AA and their siblings as controls showed minor differences in gut microbiome composition. 45 One species, Ruminococcus bicirculans , was identified to be of decreased abundance in patients with AA and has also been demonstrated to be reduced in other autoimmune disorders. 46 More recently, a study found that patients with AA had a more diverse scalp microbiome.…”

Section: Updates On Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia Areata: Burden of Disease, Approach to Treatment, and Current Unmet Needs

Alhanshali¹,

Buontempo²,

Sicco³

et al. 2023

CCID

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Alopecia areata is an autoimmune hair loss disorder with variations in distribution, duration, and severity. The disease is chronic and often follows an unpredictable course, frequently leading to stress and anxiety for those who suffer from it. Throughout the years more knowledge has been gained regarding pathogenesis, diagnostic tools, impact on quality of life, as well as treatment strategies for alopecia areata. However, challenges in treating and alleviating the burden of disease remain. In this article, we discuss updates regarding the pathogenesis and treatment of alopecia areata and highlight unmet needs of the condition, including a review of limitations of current treatments, accessibility to management strategies, and the need for disease awareness and advocacy.

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“…Thirty-two studies were eligible and therefore included: 13 narrative reviews [1,3,4 ▪ ,5,6 ▪ ,7 ▪ ,8–10,11 ▪ ,12,13 ▪ ,14 ▪ ], 4 meta-analyses (MA) [15,16 ▪▪ ,17 ▪▪ ,18], 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) [19,20 ▪▪ ,21], 2 retrospective case control studies [22,23], 2 retrospective cohort studies [24 ▪▪ ,25], 2 prospective cohort studies [26 ▪▪ ,27 ▪▪ ], 2 animal studies [28,29], 1 prospective cross-sectional study [30 ▪▪ ], 1 systematic review [31], 1 case control study [32 ▪ ], and 1 genome-wide association study (GWAS) [33 ▪▪ ]. The data found that nutrition, microbiome, and gut dysbiosis play a significant role in the development and progression of various inflammatory and immune-related skin conditions, such as psoriasis, AD, HS, and alopecia areata (AA).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of nutrition, food allergies, and gut dysbiosis in immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease: a narrative review

Bourkas

Lara‐Corrales

2023

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of review This review focuses on the emerging roles of nutrition, food allergies, and gut dysbiosis, and their influence on pediatric skin conditions such as psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and alopecia areata. As the prevalence of these conditions increases, understanding the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets is crucial for clinical practice and research. Recent findings The review covers 32 recent articles that highlight the significance of the gut microbiome, nutrition, and gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis and progression of inflammatory and immune-related pediatric skin conditions. The data suggest that food allergies and gut dysbiosis play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis. Summary This review emphasizes the need for larger-scale studies to determine the effectiveness of dietary changes in preventing or treating inflammatory and immune-related skin conditions. Clinicians must maintain a balanced approach when implementing dietary changes in children with skin diseases like atopic dermatitis to avoid potential nutritional deficiencies and growth impairments. Further research into the complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors is warranted to develop tailored therapeutic strategies for these skin conditions in children.

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Understanding the Gut Microbiota in Pediatric Patients with Alopecia Areata and their Siblings: A Pilot Study

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Gluten-free diet affects fecal small non-coding RNA profiles and microbiome composition in celiac disease supporting a host-gut microbiota crosstalk

Gluten-free diet affects fecal small non-coding RNA profiles and microbiome composition in celiac disease supporting a host-gut microbiota crosstalk

Alopecia Areata: Burden of Disease, Approach to Treatment, and Current Unmet Needs

The role of nutrition, food allergies, and gut dysbiosis in immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease: a narrative review

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