Understanding the phase behavior from multiple-step isothermally crystallized poly(3-hexylthiophene)s

Peng, Ying; He, Zhiqun; Li, Han; Liang, Chunjun

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.06.002

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Muller et al 33 explored the nucleation and crystal growth of P3EHT through Avrami analysis by DSC isothermal study. As the characterizations performed in these studies are in the time scale of minutes to hours and generally provided the averaged information on all the crystalline regions, the formation of primary nanocrystalline/nuclei 35 in the time scale of milliseconds or less and the detailed fingerprint of individual lamellar stacks remain unexplored but are essential for understanding the resulted microstructures. In addition, the time-resolved probing of the crystallization kinetics could provide the time scales of polymer chain rearrangements under selected conditions and, thus, lead to temporal design rules for the processing of semiconducting polymer thin films.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Stepwise Ultrafast Crystallization Kinetics of Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers and Correlation with Field Effect Mobility

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2021

Chem. Mater.

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The semicrystalline microstructures of donor–acceptor conjugated polymers strongly impact their optoelectronic properties. The control of the microstructure relies on the understandings of the crystallization processes in these polymers, from packing structures to crystallization kinetics. How fast these conjugated polymer chains crystallize and how their chemical structures and pre-existing microstructure history influence their crystallization have so far remained unclear, due to the fast crystallization rate caused by chain rigid structures and strong interactions. Here, ultrafast scanning calorimetry (FSC) is employed to reveal the crystallization behaviors of high performance diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based conjugated polymers with scanning rates up to 500 000 K/s. Through elaborately designed nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization studies, we probed the fast crystallization kinetics and extracted the two-step crystallization process of these polymers quantitatively. We found that both the rigidity of the chain backbones and the preinduced crystalline microstructures can influence the crystallization rate over an order of magnitude at the same degree of undercooling. We further demonstrated the manipulated crystallization kinetics in the DPP-based polymer films with different amounts of preinduced crystallites and correlate it to the polymers’ charge transport mobility.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Stepwise Ultrafast Crystallization Kinetics of Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers and Correlation with Field Effect Mobility

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2021

Chem. Mater.

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“…The emergence of the diffraction peak at q = 1.475 å −1 , corresponding to a d ‐spacing of ~4.3 å, suggests somewhat ordering structures form in aggregates during the isothermal incubation at low temperature. Regarding the structures of a perfect single crystal of P3HT nanowire, the π–π stacking distance of Form I (010) plane of P3HT is ~3.9 å . The current d ‐spacing is a little larger than the perfect Form I (010) packing distance but very close to the stacking distance of Form II crystal that was reported to be ~4.4 å .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Collapse Transition‐Assisted Crystallization in P3HT Solution

Sun

Zhao

Huang

et al. 2019

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Understanding the multiple phase transitions such as collapse transition, phase separation, and crystallization in solutions is of fundamental importance to control the solution structure of conjugated polymers in device processing. Combining in situ synchrotron radiation small and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, ultrasensitive differential scanning calorimetry, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, and polarized optical microscopy, we investigate the order–disorder transitions in poly(3‐hexylthiophene)/toluene solutions during cooling and heating processes. We demonstrate the occurrence of collapse transition of polymer chains from a random coil state to a lower dimensional network prior to the onset of crystallization during cooling in solution. This conformational preordering can lead to the formation of a lyotropic liquid crystalline phase, which is of great significance to the crystallization and ordering in polymer films, and further to promote its electric performance. It is examined that the mobility of films cast from chain‐collapsed solutions can be one order of magnitude higher than that from isotropic solutions with random‐coiled conformations. Thus, the conformational preordering in solutions is proposed to be a more efficient way than the postannealing of films to improve the electric performance of conjugated polymer films. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1105–1114

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“…The changes in structural order can be estimated using correlation length (∆L), which is defined as ∆L = 2π /∆q, where the ∆q is the full width at half maximum intensity of the peak, and q is the scattering factor defined by q = 4π sin θ /λ . [41][42][43] The ∆L values calculated based on the diffraction at q 2 of diffraction representing ITIC component from specimens prepared using different additives are listed in Table 2. It is found that ∆L increases significantly after the addition of additives into PBDB-T:ITIC blended active layer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring alkylthiol additives in PBDB-T:ITIC blended active layers for solar cell applications*

Sun

et al. 2019

Chinese Phys. B

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Bulk heterojunction, non-fullerene PBDB-T:ITIC blend polymer solar cells have been fabricated. The active layers consisting of PBDB-T as a donor and ITIC as an acceptor are optimized using a series of alkylthiol additives (1,3-propanedithiol, 1,4-butanedithiol, and 1,8-octanedithiol). It is found that the donor and acceptor are phase separated with different crystalline domains. The additives effectively re-organize the morphology and extend the molecule ordering in lamellar structure with increased correlation length in ITIC domain, benefiting the generation and dissociation of exciton and reducing charge recombination. A substantial improvement in power conversion efficiency of the devices from 8.13% to 9.44% is observed. This study shows that the application of alkylthiol additives is a simple and effective approach to improve the device performance in solar cells based on polymer/non-fullerene blend system.

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Understanding the phase behavior from multiple-step isothermally crystallized poly(3-hexylthiophene)s

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Observation of Stepwise Ultrafast Crystallization Kinetics of Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers and Correlation with Field Effect Mobility

Observation of Stepwise Ultrafast Crystallization Kinetics of Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers and Correlation with Field Effect Mobility

Collapse Transition‐Assisted Crystallization in P3HT Solution

Exploring alkylthiol additives in PBDB-T:ITIC blended active layers for solar cell applications*

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