Unique white matter microstructural patterns in ADHD presentations—a diffusion tensor imaging study

Svátková, Alena; Nestrašil, Igor; Rudser, Kyle; Fine, Jodene Goldenring; Bledsoe, Jesse; Semrud‐Clikeman, Margaret

doi:10.1002/hbm.23243

Cited by 40 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…In REL, but not BD youth, the findings in the CST were more pronounced in the subgroup with a diagnosis of ADHD, which suggests that abnormalities in this tract might not be specific to BD. This interpretation is consistent with the literature that comprises reports of reduced FA in the CST in individuals with or at risk for BD and in individuals with ADHD . The CST is a major motor pathway, and its microstructure has been positively associated with processing speed .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This interpretation is consistent with the literature that comprises reports of reduced FA in the CST in individuals with 14 or at risk 15 for BD and in individuals with ADHD. 44 The CST is a major motor pathway, and its microstructure has been positively associated with processing speed. 45 Thus, altered WM microstructure in the CST might contribute to both reduced processing speed 46 in BD.…”

Section: Hypothesis 1 Alterations In Wm Microstructure a Trait Markermentioning

confidence: 99%

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White matter microstructure in youth with and at risk for bipolar disorder

et al. 2020

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Objectives Bipolar disorder (BD) and familial risk for BD have been associated with aberrant white matter (WM) microstructure in the corpus callosum and fronto‐limbic pathways. These abnormalities might constitute trait or state marker and have been suggested to result from aberrant maturation and to relate to difficulties in emotion regulation. Methods To determine whether WM alterations represent a trait, disease or resilience marker, we compared youth at risk for BD (n = 36 first‐degree relatives, REL) to youth with BD (n = 36) and healthy volunteers (n = 36, HV) using diffusion tensor imaging. Results Individuals with BD and REL did not differ from each other in WM microstructure and, compared to HV, showed similar aberrations in the superior corona radiata (SCR)/corticospinal tract (CST) and the body of the corpus callosum. WM microstructure of the anterior CC showed reduced age‐related in‐creases in BD compared to REL and HV. Further, individuals with BD and REL showed in‐creased difficulties in emotion regulation, which were associated with the microstructure of the anterior thalamic radiation. Discussion Alterations in the SCR/CST and the body of the corpus callosum appear to represent a trait marker of BD, whereas changes in other WM tracts seem to be a disease state marker. Our findings also support the role of aberrant developmental trajectories of WM microstructure in the risk architecture of BD, although longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this association. Finally, our findings show the relevance of WM microstructure for difficulties in emotion regulation—a core characteristic of BD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Hypothesis 1 Alterations In Wm Microstructure a Trait Markermentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter microstructure in youth with and at risk for bipolar disorder

et al. 2020

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“…This pattern was recently replicated in an experimental context by Kwon et al (2015) . Nevertheless, other research finds that white matter integrity in some brain regions is weaker in children with ADHD, suggesting that some white matter deficits play a role in youth with this form of impulsivity ( van Ewijk et al, 2012 ). In sum, there does not appear to be a simple relation between myelination and risky behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond stereotypes of adolescent risk taking: Placing the adolescent brain in developmental context

Römer

Reyna

Satterthwaite

2017

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

317

312

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Recent neuroscience models of adolescent brain development attribute the morbidity and mortality of this period to structural and functional imbalances between more fully developed limbic regions that subserve reward and emotion as opposed to those that enable cognitive control. We challenge this interpretation of adolescent development by distinguishing risk-taking that peaks during adolescence (sensation seeking and impulsive action) from risk taking that declines monotonically from childhood to adulthood (impulsive choice and other decisions under known risk). Sensation seeking is primarily motivated by exploration of the environment under ambiguous risk contexts, while impulsive action, which is likely to be maladaptive, is more characteristic of a subset of youth with weak control over limbic motivation. Risk taking that declines monotonically from childhood to adulthood occurs primarily under conditions of known risks and reflects increases in executive function as well as aversion to risk based on increases in gist-based reasoning. We propose an alternative Lifespan Wisdom Model that highlights the importance of experience gained through exploration during adolescence. We propose, therefore, that brain models that recognize the adaptive roles that cognition and experience play during adolescence provide a more complete and helpful picture of this period of development.

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“…Furthermore, the CC and the forceps minor (branch of the CC) are tracts responsible for inter-hemispheric communication. Disruption in their integrity has been linked to deficits in affect dysregulation, associative memory, goal-directed behavior, or impulse control (48)(49)(50). Interestingly, parts of these fasciculi parallel functional connectivity pathways where alterations were previously associated with the GHB-Coma group while performing similar cognitive processes, suggesting that the alterations found might represent a structural correlate to such functional deficits (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of Recreational GHB Use and Multiple GHB-Induced Comas on Brain Structure and Impulsivity

et al. 2020

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Background and Aims: The regular use of gamma-hydroxybutyrate acid (GHB) can induce GHB-induced comas. Other substance use disorders are associated with alterations in brain structure and impulsivity. Here we aim to investigate if these are also modulated by either regular GHB use or GHB-induced comas.Methods: In a sample of human males, structural and diffusion neuroimaging data were collected for 27 GHB users with ≥4 GHB-induced comas (GHB-Coma), 27 GHB users without GHB-induced comas (GHB-NoComa), and 27 polydrug users who never used GHB (No-GHB). The structural brain parameters were analyzed macroscopically using voxel-based morphometry and microscopically using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and tractography. Impulsivity was assessed with the Barrat Impulsivity Scale.Results: In comparison to the other two groups, the GHB-Coma group showed a higher fractional anisotropy in the body of the corpus callosum and a lower mean diffusivity in the forceps minor (i.e., whole-brain TBSS analysis). No macrostructural differences nor microstructural differences, as assessed with tractography, were observed. The GHB-Coma group also reported higher impulsivity, which was more strongly associated with white matter volume and fractional anisotropy in tracts involved in impulse control (post-hoc analysis). GHB use per se was associated neither with differences in brain structure nor with impulsivity. Conclusions:The results suggest that multiple GHB-induced comas, but not GHB use per se, are associated with microstructural alterations in white matter and with higher selfreported impulsivity, which in turn was associated with white matter tracts involved in impulse control. Citation: Raposo Pereira F, McMaster MTB, Schellekens A, Polderman N, de Vries YDAT, van den Brink W and van Wingen GA (2020) Effects of Recreational GHB Use and Multiple GHB-Induced Comas on Brain Structure and Impulsivity.

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Unique white matter microstructural patterns in ADHD presentations—a diffusion tensor imaging study

Cited by 40 publications

References 93 publications

White matter microstructure in youth with and at risk for bipolar disorder

White matter microstructure in youth with and at risk for bipolar disorder

Beyond stereotypes of adolescent risk taking: Placing the adolescent brain in developmental context

Effects of Recreational GHB Use and Multiple GHB-Induced Comas on Brain Structure and Impulsivity

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