Universal Scherrer equation for graphene fragments

Lim, Daniel J.; Marks, Nigel A.; Rowles, Matthew R.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2020.02.064

Cited by 157 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Grain sizes calculated by the Scherrer equation are ∼10.7° (69.5 nm), ∼21.6° (37.6 nm), and ∼32.4° (12.9 nm) after geometrical adjustments. 39 The values are smaller than the observed membranes and contrast with the lack of visible grain boundaries on SEM and TEM images. As it is well documented in the literature, PDA is an amorphous polymer that does not show any distinctive crystallographic features.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Polydopamine Films with 2D-like Layered Structure and High Mechanical Resilience

Coy

Iatsunskyi

Colmenares

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Highly oriented, layered, and mechanically resilient films of polydopamine (PDA) have been synthesized from the air/water interface. The films show a unique layered structure, as shown by scanning and transmission electron studies (SEM/TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), which resemble that of 2D layered materials. The films exhibit a composition typical of PDA-based materials, as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); moreover, the samples present the distinctive resonance modes of PDA-based nanomaterials in Raman and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) experiments. The presence of highly ordinated 3–4 protomolecule stacking, taking place at the air/water interface, with a unique eumelanin-like supramolecular arrangement is presented. Moreover, the films show superior mechanical resilience with E = 13 ± 4 GPa and H = 0.21 ± 0.03 GPa, as revealed by nanoindentation experiments, making them highly resilient and easily transferable. Finally, the ordering induced by the interface opens many possibilities for further studies, including those regarding the supramolecular structure on PDA due to their similarity to 2D layered materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Polydopamine Films with 2D-like Layered Structure and High Mechanical Resilience

Coy

Iatsunskyi

Colmenares

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…where L is the dimension measure of the particles, λ the incident wavelength, β the full width at half maximum of the peak, θ the Bragg angle, and K takes the value of 0.9 [51].…”

Section: Xpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnO Semiconductor Nanoparticles and Their Application in Photocatalytic Degradation of Various Organic Dyes

et al. 2021

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The biosynthesis of oxide semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) using materials found in nature opens a wide field of study focused on sustainability and environmental protection. Biosynthesized NPs have the capacity to eliminate organic dyes, which pollute water and cause severe damage to the environment. In the present work, the green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs was carried out using Capsicum annuum var. Anaheim extract. The photocatalytic elimination of methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and Rhodamine B (RhB) in UV radiation was evaluated. The materials were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and SEM-coupled energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), attenuated total reflectance-infrared (ATR-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescence (PL), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The TEM analysis showed the NPs have an average size of 40 nm and quasi-spherical shape. ATR-IR showed the ZnO NPs contained functional groups from the extract. The analysis through XRD indicated that the NPs have a hexagonal zincite crystal structure with an average crystallite size of approximately 17 nm. The photoluminescence spectrum (PL) presented an emission band at 402 nm. From the UV-Vis spectra and TAUC model, the band-gap value was found to be 2.93 eV. Finally, the photocatalytic assessment proved the ZnO NPs achieved 100% elimination of MB at 60 min exposure, and 85 and 92% degradation of MO and RhB, respectively, at 180 min. This indicates that ZnO NPs, in addition to using a friendly method for their synthesis, manage to have excellent photocatalytic activity in the degradation of various organic pollutants.

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“…In addition, it can also be concluded that the distance between layers was reduced based on the XRD results ( Figure S2 ). After the reduction of GO, the (0 0 1) diffraction peak at 11.3° disappeared [ 32 ] and was replaced by the (0 0 2) diffraction peak at 22.9° of rGO, and the corresponding grain size was 25.51 nm based on Scherrer formula [ 33 ]. After attaching Azo F onto rGO, the 2θ of Azo F -rGO has become to 25.2° with the grain size of 22.63 nm, which is consistent with the SEM observation ( Figure 1 f) [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Temperature Heat Output Photoactive Material-Based High-Performance Thermal Energy Storage Closed System

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Materials

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Designing and synthesizing photothermal conversion materials with better storage capacity, long-term stability as well as low temperature energy output capability is still a huge challenge in the area of photothermal storage. In this work, we report a brand new photothermal conversion material obtained by attaching trifluoromethylated azobenzene (AzoF) to reduced graphene oxide (rGO). AzoF-rGO exhibits outstanding heat storage density and power density up to 386.1 kJ·kg−1 and 890.6 W·kg−1, respectively, with a long half-life (87.7 h) because of the H-bonds based on high attachment density. AzoF-rGO also exhibits excellent cycling stability and is equipped with low-temperature energy output capability, which achieves the reversible cycle of photothermal conversion within a closed system. This novel AzoF-rGO complex, which on the one hand exhibits remarkable energy storage performance as well as excellent storage life span, and on the other hand is equipped with the ability to release heat at low temperatures, shows broad prospects in the practical application of actual photothermal storage.

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Universal Scherrer equation for graphene fragments

Cited by 157 publications

References 14 publications

Polydopamine Films with 2D-like Layered Structure and High Mechanical Resilience

Polydopamine Films with 2D-like Layered Structure and High Mechanical Resilience

ZnO Semiconductor Nanoparticles and Their Application in Photocatalytic Degradation of Various Organic Dyes

A Low-Temperature Heat Output Photoactive Material-Based High-Performance Thermal Energy Storage Closed System

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