Unlocking the potential of pulp and paper industry to achieve carbon-negative emissions via calcium looping retrofit

Santos, Mónica P. S.; Manović, Vasilije

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124431

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The high-grade heat of the high-purity CO 2 stream, along with the one from the CO 2 -lean off-gas, is recovered in the heat exchanger network and used in the steam cycle to produce electricity. The SEG model, as well as the steam cycle, have been described in detail and validated elsewhere [ 27 , 58 ].…”

Section: Process and Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption-enhanced gasification of municipal solid waste for hydrogen production: a comparative techno-economic analysis using limestone, dolomite and doped limestone

Santos

Hanak

2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Sorption-enhanced gasification has been shown as a viable low-carbon alternative to conventional gasification, as it enables simultaneous gasification with in-situ CO2 capture to enhance the production of H2. CaO-based sorbents have been a preferred choice due to their low cost and wide availability. This work assessed the technical and economic viability of sorption-enhanced gasification using natural limestone, doped limestone with seawater and dolomite. The techno-economic performance of the sorption-enhanced gasification using different sorbents was compared with that of conventional gasification. Regarding the thermodynamic performance, dolomite presented the worst performance (46.0% of H2 production efficiency), whereas doped limestone presented the highest H2 production efficiency (50.0%). The use of dolomite also resulted in the highest levelised cost of hydrogen (5.4 €/kg against 5.0 €/kg when limestone is used as sorbent), which translates into a CO2 avoided cost ranging between 114.9 €/tCO2 (natural limestone) and 130.4 €/tCO2 (dolomite). Although doped limestone has shown a CO2 avoided cost of 117.7 €/tCO2, this can be reduced if the production cost of doped limestone is lower than 42.6 €/t. The production costs of new sorbents for CO2 capture and H2 production need to be similar to that of natural limestone to become an attractive alternative to natural limestone.

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Section: Process and Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption-enhanced gasification of municipal solid waste for hydrogen production: a comparative techno-economic analysis using limestone, dolomite and doped limestone

Santos

Hanak

2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…Flue gases are typically less than 20% CO 2 and distributed between several point sources [38, 40, 41, 42•, 43, 44]. Some studies estimated that energy demand of full CO 2 capture can switch paper mills from being net energy exporters to energy importers [43] or require supplemental fuel [42•, 45]. If only on-site energy is used, estimates of capturable CO 2 ranged from less than 30% in [42•, 44], to 90% (with an 80% reduction in electricity exports) in [45], for post-combustion amine-based capture.…”

Section: Ccs For Existing Biogenic Industriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If only on-site energy is used, estimates of capturable CO 2 ranged from less than 30% in [42•, 44], to 90% (with an 80% reduction in electricity exports) in [45], for post-combustion amine-based capture. Two studies [39,43] considered the integration of a calcium looping CO 2 capture unit 4 into the lime kiln 5 of a pulp mill, which could lower the net energy intensity of CO 2 capture.…”

Section: Ccs For Existing Biogenic Industriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, several studies considered compensation for stored CO 2 . One proposal is tradable "negative emission credits" [34, 38,43] for stored biogenic CO 2 , which can be sold to CO 2 emitters as offsets on emission trading networks. Another option is subsidies for stored CO 2 , such as the 45Q scheme in the USA, which provides up to $50/t CO 2 stored, regardless of CO 2 origin.…”

Section: Credits For Stored (Biogenic) Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decarbonising Industry via BECCS: Promising Sectors, Challenges, and Techno-economic Limits of Negative Emissions

Tanzer

Blok

Ramírez

2021

Curr Sustainable Renewable Energy Rep

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Purpose of Review This paper reviews recent literature on the combined use of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) in the industries of steel, cement, paper, ethanol, and chemicals, focusing on estimates of potential costs and the possibility of achieving “negative emissions”. Recent Findings Bioethanol is seen as a potential near-term source of negative emissions, with CO2 transport as the main cost limitation. The paper industry is a current source of biogenic CO2, but complex CO2 capture configurations raise costs and limit BECCS potential. Remuneration for stored biogenic CO2 is needed to incentivise BECCS in these sectors. BECCS could also be used for carbon–neutral production of steel, cement, and chemicals, but these will likely require substantial incentives to become cost-competitive. While negative emissions may be possible from all industries considered, the overall CO2 balance is highly sensitive to biomass supply chains. Furthermore, the resource intensity of biomass cultivation and energy production for CO2 capture risks burden-shifting to other environmental impacts. Summary Research on BECCS-in-industry is limited but growing, and estimates of costs and environmental impacts vary widely. While negative emissions are possible, transparent presentation of assumptions, system boundaries, and results is needed to increase comparability. In particular, the mixing of avoided emissions and physical storage of atmospheric CO2 creates confusion of whether physical negative emissions occur. More attention is needed to the geographic context of BECCS-in-industry outside of Europe, the USA, and Brazil, taking into account local biomass supply chains and CO2 storage siting, and minimise burden-shifting.

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“…Preliminary cost assessments were also reported (Möllersten et al, 2006). A very recent example combining CCS with novel technology is the study by Santos et al (2021), in which a completely new process concept based on calcium looping was proposed and evaluated. None of the aforementioned studies focus on the combination of electrification and carbon capture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for Negative Emissions by Carbon Capture and Storage From a Novel Electric Plasma Calcination Process for Pulp and Paper Mills

2021

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The pulp and paper industry has a high potential to contribute to negative emissions through carbon capture and storage (CCS) applied to existing processes. However, there is a need to investigate how CCS solutions also can be combined with implementation of other emerging technologies in pulp and paper mills. This paper investigates the integration of a novel calcination process in two kraft mills and evaluates its potential combination with capture and storage of CO2 from the calcination plant. The alternative calcination process uses electric gas-plasma technology combined with steam slaking and allows replacing the conventional fuel-driven lime kilns with a process driven by electricity. The novel calcination process generates a pure, biogenic, CO2 stream, which provides an opportunity to achieve negative emissions at relatively lower costs. The potential reduction of greenhouse gas emissions when replacing the lime kiln with the plasma calcination concept depends strongly on the emissions intensity of grid electricity, and on whether fossil fuel or biomass was used as a fuel in the lime kiln. If fossil fuel is replaced and electricity is associated with very low emissions, avoided CO2 emissions reach ~50 kt/a for the smaller mill investigated in the paper (ca 400 kt pulp per year) and almost 100 kt/a for the larger mill (ca 700 kt pulp per year). Further emission reductions could then be achieved through CCS from the electrified calcination process, with capture potentials for the two mills of 95 and 164 kt/a, respectively, and capture and storage costs estimated to 36–60 EUR/tCO2.

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Unlocking the potential of pulp and paper industry to achieve carbon-negative emissions via calcium looping retrofit

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Sorption-enhanced gasification of municipal solid waste for hydrogen production: a comparative techno-economic analysis using limestone, dolomite and doped limestone

Sorption-enhanced gasification of municipal solid waste for hydrogen production: a comparative techno-economic analysis using limestone, dolomite and doped limestone

Decarbonising Industry via BECCS: Promising Sectors, Challenges, and Techno-economic Limits of Negative Emissions

Potential for Negative Emissions by Carbon Capture and Storage From a Novel Electric Plasma Calcination Process for Pulp and Paper Mills

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