Unlocking the wasting enigma: Highlights from the 8th Cachexia Conference

Ebner, Nicole; Haehling, Stephan von

doi:10.1002/jcsm.12106

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, androgen deprivation appears to cause selective deficits in the biochemical leg muscle function, which may also play a role in patients with HF in whom the deficiency of anabolic hormones has been reported to play a major role and to have prognostic significance. 52 Another interesting approach is the assessment of handgrip strength using a handgrip dynamometer. 39 This goes hand in hand with the appearance of malnutrition.…”

Section: Screening and Diagnosing Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure: a brief overview of the current literature

Haehling

2018

ESC Heart Failure

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Section: Screening and Diagnosing Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure: a brief overview of the current literature

Haehling

2018

ESC Heart Failure

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“…It is well known to be associated with increased mortality and decreased well‐being of patients . Therapies to stop or even reverse the loss of body weight and muscle mass—which are the hallmarks of cancer cachexia—are lacking; hence, cancer cachexia is an area of unmet medical need and is hence of great research interest …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orphan disease status of cancer cachexia in the USA and in the European Union: a systematic review

Anker

Holcomb

Muscaritoli

et al. 2019

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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136

118

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Background Cachexia has significant impact on the patients' quality of life and prognosis. It is frequently observed in patients with cancer, especially in advanced stages, but prevalence data for the overall population are lacking. Good quality estimates of cancer cachexia in general and for each of the major cancer types would be highly relevant for potential treatment development efforts in this field. Both the USA and European Union (EU) have implemented special clinical development rules for such rare disorders what are called ‘orphan diseases’. The cut‐off level for a disease to be considered an orphan disease in the USA is 200 000 people (0.06% of the population) and EU is 5 per 10 000 people (0.05% of the population). Methods For this systematic review, we searched at PubMed (from inception to 31 January 2018) to identify clinical studies that assessed the prevalence of cachexia in cancer patients at risk. Studies reporting the prevalence of either cancer cachexia or wasting disease in the top‐10 cancer types and 4 other selected cancer types known to be particularly commonly complicated by cachexia were included in this analysis (i.e. prostate cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, endometrial cancer, thyroid cancer, urinary bladder cancer, non‐hodgkin lymphoma, lung cancer, kidney and renal pelvis cancer, head and neck cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer). We calculated the current burden of cancer cachexia, disease by disease, in the USA and in the EU and compared them to the current guidelines for the definition of orphan disease status. Results We estimate that in 2014 in the USA, a total of 527 100 patients (16.5 subjects per 10 000 people of the total population), and in 2013 in the EU, a total of 800 300 patients (15.8 subjects per 10 000 people of the total population) suffered from cancer cachexia (of any kind). In the 14 separately analysed cancer types, the prevalence of cancer cachexia in the USA ranged between 11 300 (0.4/10 000, gastric cancer) and 92 000 patients (2.9/10 000, lung cancer) and in the EU between 14 300 (0.3/10 000, melanoma of the skin) and 150 100 (3.0/10 000, colorectal cancer). Conclusions The absolute number of patients affected by cancer cachexia in each cancer group is lower than the defined thresholds for orphan diseases in the USA and EU. Cancer cachexia in each subgroup separately should be considered an orphan disease.

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“…In advanced stages of CHF, a loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) is commonly observed which contributes to reduced exercise capacity and frailty, which may represent a risk marker for adverse outcomes in CHF . Sarcopenia itself is a common occurrence in the aged population and is associated with increased mortality independently of age or other clinical and functional variables , . A retrospective study involving more than 18 000 subjects aged >/=65 years showed that the prevalence of sarcopenia in the general population ranged from 12.6% (Poland) to 17.5% (India) and that of sarcopenic obesity ranged from 1.3% (India) to 11.0% (Spain) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure and beyond: update 2017

2017

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Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and muscle function) is a strong predictor of frailty, disability and mortality in older persons and may also occur in obese subjects. The prevalence of sarcopenia is increased in patients suffering from chronic heart failure. However, there are currently few therapy options. The main intervention is resistance exercise, either alone or in combination with nutritional support, which seems to enhance the beneficial effects of training. Also, testosterone has been shown to increased muscle power and function; however, a possible limitation is the side effects of testosterone. Other investigational drugs include selective androgen receptor modulators, growth hormone, IGF‐1, compounds targeting myostatin signaling, which have their own set of side effects. There are abundant prospective targets for improving muscle function in the elderly with or without chronic heart failure, and the continuing development of new treatment strategies and compounds for sarcopenia and cardiac cachexia makes this field an exciting one.

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Unlocking the wasting enigma: Highlights from the 8th Cachexia Conference

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure: a brief overview of the current literature

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure: a brief overview of the current literature

Orphan disease status of cancer cachexia in the USA and in the European Union: a systematic review

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure and beyond: update 2017

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