Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications

Georgoulis, Vasileios; Papoudou‐Bai, Alexandra; Makis, Alexandros; Kanavaros, Panagiotis; Hatzimichael, Eleftheria

doi:10.3390/biology12060862

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Subsequently, the role of TAMs in lymphoma has attracted widespread attention. These findings align with previous findings demonstrating that Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells can stimulate the polarization of macrophages towards the tumor-promoting M2 phenotype through cytokine secretion ( 129 ). Conversely, M2-type TAMs support the survival of HRS cells.…”

Section: Macrophages In Lymphomasupporting

confidence: 92%

Mesenchymal stem cells-macrophages crosstalk and myeloid malignancy

Li,

Nie,

Jin

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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As major components of the tumor microenvironment, both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and macrophages can be remodelled and exhibit different phenotypes and functions during tumor initiation and progression. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the growth, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance of hematological malignancies, and are associated with poor prognosis. Consequently, TAMs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets. Notably, MSCs exert a profound influence on modulating immune cell functions such as macrophages and granulocytes, thereby playing a crucial role in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment surrounding tumors. However, in hematological malignancies, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between MSCs and macrophages have not been clearly elucidated. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of TAMs in various common hematological malignancies, and discuss the latest advances in understanding the interaction between MSCs and macrophages in disease progression. Additionally, potential therapeutic approaches targeting this relationship are outlined.

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Section: Macrophages In Lymphomasupporting

confidence: 92%

Mesenchymal stem cells-macrophages crosstalk and myeloid malignancy

Li,

Nie,

Jin

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…Since recent research has highlighted the importance of the TME in HL, it has become a target of CAR-T-cell therapy approaches ( 296 , 297 ). Studies have investigated CAR-T-cell-mediated targeting of CD19 ( 298 ) and CD123 ( 299 ) to influence the TME of HL cells and induce a long-lasting immune response to lymphoma cells.…”

Section: Classical Hodgkin-lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadening the horizon: potential applications of CAR-T cells beyond current indications

Karsten,

Matrisch,

Cichutek

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Engineering immune cells to treat hematological malignancies has been a major focus of research since the first resounding successes of CAR-T-cell therapies in B-ALL. Several diseases can now be treated in highly therapy-refractory or relapsed conditions. Currently, a number of CD19- or BCMA-specific CAR-T-cell therapies are approved for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), multiple myeloma (MM), and follicular lymphoma (FL). The implementation of these therapies has significantly improved patient outcome and survival even in cases with previously very poor prognosis. In this comprehensive review, we present the current state of research, recent innovations, and the applications of CAR-T-cell therapy in a selected group of hematologic malignancies. We focus on B- and T-cell malignancies, including the entities of cutaneous and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (T-ALL, PTCL, CTCL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), classical Hodgkin-Lymphoma (HL), Burkitt-Lymphoma (BL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM). While these diseases are highly heterogenous, we highlight several similarly used approaches (combination with established therapeutics, target depletion on healthy cells), targets used in multiple diseases (CD30, CD38, TRBC1/2), and unique features that require individualized approaches. Furthermore, we focus on current limitations of CAR-T-cell therapy in individual diseases and entities such as immunocompromising tumor microenvironment (TME), risk of on-target-off-tumor effects, and differences in the occurrence of adverse events. Finally, we present an outlook into novel innovations in CAR-T-cell engineering like the use of artificial intelligence and the future role of CAR-T cells in therapy regimens in everyday clinical practice.

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“…Another mechanism-promoting metastasis is immunosuppression, in which myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a critical role. They are immature myeloid cells co-expressing CD11b and cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33) [43], originating in the bone marrow and migrating to secondary lymphoid organs, where they inhibit the CD8+ T antitumor response [41]. MDSCs also suppress T-cell function by impairing antigen recognition, releasing small soluble oxidizers, and depleting local essential amino acids.…”

Section: Bone Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Marrow Lymphocytes’ Development and Dynamics

Hassan Rizk

2023

Lymphatic System - From Human Anatomy to Clinical Practice

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The bone marrow (BM) is an integral part of the immune system that communicates with other immune tissues via the bloodstream but does not have lymphatic vessels. It is the primary site of lymphopoiesis, where B cells and early T-cell progenitors develop, from late fetal life onwards, and a secondary lymphoid organ for B lymphocytes. At the same time, it regulates the function and dynamics of the immune system in a steady state and disease conditions. Activating and inhibitory signals from various marrow elements regulate the traffic of lymphocyte subtypes (B, T, and NK), including direct cell contact and released factors from stromal cells. This chapter is a review of the life cycle and dynamics of lymphoid cells in health and representative immune-associated disorders. Understanding the central bone marrow’s role may clarify the pathologic changes and open potential therapeutic channels in some disorders.

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Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications

Cited by 4 publications

References 121 publications

Mesenchymal stem cells-macrophages crosstalk and myeloid malignancy

Mesenchymal stem cells-macrophages crosstalk and myeloid malignancy

Broadening the horizon: potential applications of CAR-T cells beyond current indications

Bone Marrow Lymphocytes’ Development and Dynamics

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