Untersuchungen zum Milchfluss aus Eutervierteln

Naumann, I.; Fahr, Rolf-Dieter

doi:10.5194/aab-43-431-2000

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, the technical possibilities which provide the mobile measuring LactoCorder unit have implied the complete milk flow curve measuring as well as other parameters (GÖFT et al, 1994;NAUMANN et al, 1998;FAHR, 2002). The use of such modern measuring technical could result with a larger cow number adjusted to machine milking, and a small cow number with udder illnesses (ROTH et al, 1998;NAUMANN and FAHR, 2000;FAHR, 2002). The first research results performed by Lacto-Corder in Germany were used to define the value of certain milk flow curve parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That means that by a longer dPFR and a shorter dDFR the udder was at least laden and less exposed to a possible infection. Such rate certainly leads to an even milking from all quarters and a "blind" milking prevention (NAUMANN et al, 1998;NAUMANN and FAHR, 2000;FAHR, 2002). The previous research showed that the somatic cell count in milk grows with the shortening of the milking time and increasing of the milk flow (MIJIĆ et al, 2003), what should be taken into consideration by selective animal choosing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Connection of milk flow curve to the somatic cell count in bovine milk

2004

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The modern equipment introduction into cow milking created technical possibilities for studying the milk flow curve and for using the results in cattle selection. In preventing mastitis, besides curing, other parameters of the milk flow curve could be used preventively. Research showed that cows that had the milk flow curve with a short duration of increasing flow rate (dIFR≤0.40 min) and a larger quotient between the peak and down phase (QPD>1.20) had also the least somatic cell count in milk (LSCC = 3.47, and 3.30 respectively). Such relation is favourable because increasing the relation, the duration of quick and uniform milking extends, and the duration of peak flow rate shortens. That also show correlation coefficients which were between the logarithmic somatic cell count in milk (LSCC) on one hand and the peak flow rate (dPFR), that means the quotient of peak and down phase (QPD) on the other hand negative (r= -0.25** and -0.27**). Breeding-selective procedures could create bull fathers and mothers with the most desirable milk flow curve and the duration of certain milking phases, whereby the somatic cell count in milk would be the least. Therefore it would be necessary to define desirable proportions of the milk flow curve with a special attention to the cow's health udder.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connection of milk flow curve to the somatic cell count in bovine milk

2004

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Impact of milking settings optimization on milk quality, milking time and milk yield in Holstein cows

Gašparík

Ducháček

Stádník

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Physiological mechanisms of alveolar milk ejection and milk flow rate in cows machine milking

Мещеряков,

Пимкина,

Овчаренко

2024

Проблемы Биологии Продуктивных Животных

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Процессы перехода альвеолярного молока в нижележащие отделы молочной железы (альвеолярная молокоотдача, АМО) и длительность доения находятся под контролем симпатической нервной системы за счёт влияния на адренорецепторы гладких мышц молочных протоков, ходов, цистерны вымени и соска. Цель работы – систематизация современных литературных и собственных данных по изучению физиологических механизмов, участвующихв регуляции АМО, скорости и длительности выдаивания молока у коров при машинном доении. Основные разделы обзора: значение рецепторов вымени в генерации нервных импульсов; роль в процессе АМО; участие симпатической нервной системы и гуморальных факторов в регуляции АМО; индивидуальные особенности регуляции скорости выдаивания молока у коров. Существующие методы исследования дают определённую информацию по АМО только на её начальном этапе; для более полной оценки характера сократительной активности клеток альвеолярного комплекса авторами использован метод, основанный на регистрации параметров кровоснабжения вымени в процессе доения. Показано, что АМО, вызванная доением, сопровождается двухфазными сдвигами в сосудистом сопротивлении и кровоснабжении вымени вследствие сокращения миоэпителиальных клеток альвеолярного комплекса. Мышцы крупных молочных протоков вымени оказывают более выраженное влияние на скорость выдаивания молока, чем мышцы соска и его сфинктера. Для коров с низкой интенсивностью АМО (медленно выдаиваемые) характерными отличиями являются более позднее начало сокращения альвеол, увеличение продолжительности периодов от начала доения до достижения максимума сжатия альвеол, а также снижение величины максимальной амплитуды их сжатия. Увеличение продолжительности периода от момента начала доения до начала сжатия альвеол и снижение амплитуды их сжатия обусловливает раздельное выведение цистернальной и альвеолярной фракций молока (появление двухвершинной кривой скорости выдаивания молока) и увеличение общей продолжительности доения. Интенсивность АМО у коров в большей степени зависит от времени выхода окситоцина в циркуляцию, чем от концентрации его в крови. В процессе доения, наряду с окситоцином, у коров выделяются другие гормоны, в том числе гормоны желудочно-кишечного тракта. Показана вовлечённость окситоцина в регуляцию других физиологических функций у лактирующих коров, помимо индукции сокращения миоэпителиальных клеток альвеолярного комплекса. The processes of alveolar milk transition to the underlying parts of the mammary gland (alveolar milk ejection, AME) and the duration of milking are under the control of the sympathetic nervous system due to the influence on the adrenergic receptors of the smooth muscles of the milk ducts, udder cistern and nipple. The purpose of the work is to systematize modern literature and our own data on the study of physiological mechanisms involved in the regulation of the intensity of AME, the rate and duration of milking in cows during machine milking. Main sections of the review: the importance of udder receptors in the generation of nerve impulses; the role of humoral factors in the process of AME; participation of the sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of AME; individual features of the control of milk flow rate during machine milking. Existing research methods provide certain information on alveolar milk flow only at its initial stage; for a more complete assessment of the nature of the contractile activity of the cells of the alveolar complex, the authors used a method based on recording the parameters of the blood supply to the udder during the milking process. It has been shown that alveolar milk ejection caused by milking is accompanied by biphasic shifts in vascular resistance and blood supply to the udder due to contraction of myoepithelial cells of the alveolar complex. The muscles of the large milk ducts of the udder have a more pronounced effect on the rate of milking than the muscles of the nipple and its sphincter. For cows with a low intensity of AME (slowly milked), characteristic differences are a later onset of alveolar contraction, an increase in the duration of periods from the start of milking to the achievement of maximum compression of the alveoli, as well as a decrease in the maximum amplitude of their compression. An increase in the duration of the period from the start of milking to the beginning of compression of the alveoli and a decrease in the amplitude of their compression determines the separate excretion of the cisternal and alveolar milk fractions (the appearance of a two-peak curve of milk flow rate) and an increase in the total duration of milking. The intensity of AME in cows depends to a greater extent on the time at which oxytocin enters the circulation than on its concentration in the blood. During the milking process, along with oxytocin, in cows other hormones has been released, including gastrointestinal hormones. The involvement of oxytocin in the regulation of other physiological functionshas been shownin addition toAME induction.

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Untersuchungen zum Milchfluss aus Eutervierteln

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Connection of milk flow curve to the somatic cell count in bovine milk

Connection of milk flow curve to the somatic cell count in bovine milk

Impact of milking settings optimization on milk quality, milking time and milk yield in Holstein cows

Physiological mechanisms of alveolar milk ejection and milk flow rate in cows machine milking

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