Unusual Doppler trace in mitral stenosis: prominent isovolumic relaxation flow: Figure 1

Unusual transmitral Doppler filling profile induced by right ventricular pacing

“…However, similar phenomenon has been observed in several conditions, including aortic valve disease, rheumatic heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypertension, ventricular pre-excitation, coronary artery disease, chronic renal failure and right ventricular pacing, and even in healthy individuals. [1][2][3][4][5] Furthermore, IVRF can be apically directed, basally directed or bidirectional, occurring during the isovolumic relaxation period. 2 Contributors HS wrote the case description.…”