Unveiling the diffusion-controlled operation mechanism of all-in-one type electrochromic supercapacitors: Overcoming slow dynamic response with ternary gel electrolytes

Jang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

Self Cite

Electrochromic (EC) energy storage devices represent a cutting‐edge technology visually indicating stored energy status in real time through color change. Herein, extremely simple single‐layer electrochromic supercapacitors (SL‐ECSs) based on energy storage EC ion gels are proposed. The operation of SL‐ECSs follows Fick's law because of the diffusive nature of mass transport of all redox species. Therefore, the diffusion dynamics are tuned by tailoring fundamental parameters, the diffusion coefficient, and concentration gradient, and the availability of energy storage is maximized by reducing residual charges that cannot be extracted during the normal discharge process. In terms of the two critical metrics of ECSs, areal capacitance (Careal) and transmittance contrast between charged and discharged states (ΔT), the performance of SL‐ECSs (Careal ≈ 43.0 mF cm–2 and ΔT ≈ 96.8%) is favorably compared with previously reported ECSs. The capacitance retention remains at >80% even after continuous charge/discharge cyclic operations for 3000 min without specific encapsulation. Moreover, the practical multi‐functionality of the SL‐ECS is successfully demonstrated as a power source and applied force monitoring platform. It is expected that the SL‐ECS will be a simple but versatile component of high‐performance, ultra‐small functional electronics.

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tailoring Diffusion Dynamics in Energy Storage Ionic Conductors for High‐Performance, Multi‐Function, Single‐Layer Electrochromic Supercapacitors

Jang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

Self Cite

“…Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon of REDOX reaction accompanied by color change or transmittance change, when the material is changed by external voltage or current (Davy et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2019a;Cai et al, 2020a;Jang et al, 2021). It is very similar to the energy conversion process of energy storage devices, so more and more people are applying electrochromic materials in the field of multifunctional energy storage, which can not only achieve excellent electrochemical performance, but also monitor the status of energy storage devices (Yang et al, 2019;Zhai et al, 2019;Dewan et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic electrochromic energy storage materials and device design

et al. 2022

While not affecting electrochemical performance of energy storage devices, integrating multi-functional properties such as electrochromic functions into energy storage devices can effectively promote the development of multifunctional devices. Compared with inorganic electrochromic materials, organic materials possess the significant advantages of facile preparation, low cost, and large color contrast. Specifically, most polymer materials show excellent electrochemical properties, which can be widely used in the design and development of energy storage devices. In this article, we focus on the application of organic electrochromic materials in energy storage devices. The working mechanisms, electrochemical performance of different types of organics as well as the shortcomings of organic electrochromic materials in related devices are discussed in detail.

In Situ Generation of Ultrathin MoS₂ Nanosheets in Carbon Matrix for High Energy Density Photo‐Responsive Supercapacitors

et al. 2022

Stimuli‐responsive supercapacitors have attracted broad interest in constructing self‐powered smart devices. However, due to the demand for high cyclic stability, supercapacitors usually utilize stable or inert electrode materials, which are difficult to exhibit dynamic or stimuli‐responsive behavior. Herein, this issue is addressed by designing a MoS2@carbon core‐shell structure with ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets incorporated in the carbon matrix. In the three‐electrode system, MoS2@carbon delivers a specific capacitance of 1302 F g−1 at a current density of 1.0 A g−1 and shows a 90% capacitance retention after 10 000 charging‐discharging cycles. The MoS2@carbon‐based asymmetric supercapacitor displays an energy density of 75.1 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 900 W kg−1. Because the photo‐generated electrons can efficiently migrate from MoS2 nanosheets to the carbon matrix, the assembled photo‐responsive supercapacitor can answer the stimulation of ultraviolet‐visible‐near infrared illumination by increasing the capacitance. Particularly, under the stimulation of UV light (365 nm, 0.08 W cm−2), the device exhibits a ≈4.50% (≈13.9 F g−1) increase in capacitance after each charging‐discharging cycle. The study provides a guideline for designing multi‐functional supercapacitors that serve as both the energy supplier and the photo‐detector.