Unveiling the Mechanisms of Bioenzyme and Biopolymer Sand Stabilization: A Chemical and Microstructural Approach

Abstract

This paper presents a detailed study of the bio-cementation effect of TerraZyme in sands, which has not been understood so far due to micro and mesoscale variations in treated soil. The results are compared with those obtained using Xanthan gum for stabilization. Advanced chemical and microstructural tests revealed that both additives significantly improved the strength of sand, with significant improvements observed within 30 days of curing. TerraZyme modifies the elemental structure of sand-Kaolin mixtures, whereas Xanthan gum acts mainly through weak binding by altering the soil matrix. The mechanism of TerraZyme action is explained in detail, giving insights into the chemical processes responsible for cementation and strength improvement. The study highlights the prospects of bio-stabilization methods for sustainable ground improvement and recommends the use of natural additives like biopolymers and enzymes in place of conventional materials like cement and lime for environmentally responsible development.