Up-regulation of orexigenic and down-regulation of anorexigenic neuropeptide gene expression in rat hypothalamus after partial lipectomy

Dettlaff-Pokora, Agnieszka; Śledziński, Tomasz; Świerczyński, Julian

doi:10.1016/j.jab.2015.01.003

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Total BW was not statistically significant compared with sham-operated groups at termination after surgical manipulation of WAT or BAT in Osborne-Mendel (8)(9)(10)(11)(12), Sprague Dawley (13)(14)(15)(16)(17) and Wistar (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) rats. Total BW after WAT removal (26) in Zucker rats (lean and obese) was not significant at termination.…”

Section: Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…C57BL/6J mice with WAT transplanted had lower FI compared with the control group (40). No differences in FI were observed based on lipectomy in Osborne-Mendel rats (8), male Wistar rats (19,21,25), and Lister hooded rats (29). In male Sprague Dawley rats, one study demonstrated no differences in FI (15).…”

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Zucker lean fatty rats with lipectomized BAT had either no change in BF (27), increased BF (12), or were inconclusive (47). Wistar rats that underwent WAT removal or WAT and BAT transplantation had total BF that was significantly decreased (25,28), increased (20), or not changed (19,24) or the findings were inconclusive (18,(21)(22)(23)25). Gold-mantled ground squirrels with WAT and BAT removed had no significant changes in BF at termination (55,56).…”

Section: Animal Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, surgical manipulation of total body adiposity might alter circulating leptin and other adipose-derived hormone levels, contributing to acute and/or chronic changes in energy intake. To better understand the role of energy intake due to altered total BF after surgery, this section summarizes findings on energy consumption, which we refer to as FI and was reported in 41 (64%) studies (8,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)17,19,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(33)(34)(35)37,42,(47)(48)(49)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)66,71,74). Energy intake before termination was compared with baseline levels and described as either increased, decreased, or no observed change.…”

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of the surgical removal of adipose tissue on changes in adipokines, cytokines, and other circulating biomarkers that the adipose organ may produce or secrete have been reviewed to better understand changes in energetics and BF. Here, 31% (or n = 20) of studies reported outcomes for various circulating biomarkers measured once before termination (13,21,22,25,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)39,40,43,44,48,52,53,60,61,65,66,73,74). Four well-known circulating biomarkers are summarized (see Table 4), including: (1) leptin, which regulates energy intake and expenditure (45); (2) TNF-α, which impairs insulin signaling directly (13); (3) IL-6, which impairs insulin action; and (4) circulating TG, which is an inverse marker of serum lipid clearance (22).…”

Section: Circulating Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Scoping Review of Surgically Manipulated Adipose Tissue and the Regulation of Energetics and Body Fat in Animals

Murillo

Kaiser

Smith

et al. 2019

Obesity

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Objective Surgical manipulations of adipose tissue by removal, or partial lipectomy, have demonstrated body fat compensation and recovered body weight, suggesting that the body is able to resist changes to body composition. However, the mechanisms underlying these observations are not well understood. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an update on what is currently known about the regulation of energetics and body fat after surgical manipulations of adipose tissue in small mammals. Methods PubMed and Scopus were searched to identify 64 eligible studies. Outcome measures included body fat, body weight, food intake, and circulating biomarkers. Results Surgeries performed included lipectomy (72%) or transplantation (12%) in mice (35%), rats (35%), and other small mammals. Findings suggested that lipectomy did not have consistent long‐term effects on reducing body weight and fat because regain occurred within 12 to 14 weeks post surgery. Hence, biological feedback mechanisms act to resist long‐term changes of body weight or fat. Furthermore, whether this weight and fat regain occurred because of “passive” and “active” regulation under the “set point” or “settling point” theories cannot fully be discerned because of limitations in study designs and data collected. Conclusions The regulation of energetics and body fat are complex and dynamic processes that require further studies of the interplay of genetic, physiological, and behavioral factors.

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Section: Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Animal Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Circulating Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Systematic Scoping Review of Surgically Manipulated Adipose Tissue and the Regulation of Energetics and Body Fat in Animals

Murillo

Kaiser

Smith

et al. 2019

Obesity

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Upregulation of Pnpla2 and Abhd5 and downregulation of G0s2 gene expression in mesenteric white adipose tissue as a potential reason for elevated concentration of circulating NEFA after removal of retroperitoneal, epididymal, and inguinal adipose tissue

2016

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Elevated concentrations of circulating non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were reported in (a) humans with lipodystrophy, (b) humans following bariatric surgery, and (c) transgenic mice with reduced amounts of adipose tissue. Paradoxically, these findings suggest that the reduction of adipose tissue mass is associated with elevated circulating NEFA concentrations. To explain a molecular background of this phenomenon, we analyzed the effects of surgical removal of inguinal, epididymal, and retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (WAT) on (a) circulating NEFA concentrations, (b) expression of Pnpla2, a gene that encodes adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), genes encoding abhydrolase domain containing 5 (ABHD5) and G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2), i.e., a coactivator and inhibitor of ATGL, respectively, and (c) expression of Lipe gene coding hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in mesenteric WAT. Reduction of adipose tissue mass resulted in an increase in circulating NEFA concentration, which was associated with (a) an increase in the expressions of Pnpla2 and Abhd5, (b) decrease in G0s2 expression, and (c) upregulation of Lipe expression, all measured on both mRNA and protein levels in mesenteric WAT of male rats. The rate of lipolysis in mesenteric WAT explants and isolated adipocytes from lipectomized rats was significantly higher than that from the controls. In conclusion, upregulation of Pnpla2 expression and activation of ATGL (due to an increase in ABHD5 and decrease in G0S2 levels), as well as a coordinated interplay of these genes with Lipe in mesenteric WAT, contribute, at least in part, to an increase in the concentration of circulating NEFA in rats with reduced fat mass.

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Up-regulation of PCSK9 gene expression and diminished level of LDL-receptor in rat liver as a potential cause of post-lipectomy hypercholesterolemia

2018

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Studies designed to examine effects of fat mass reduction (including lipodystrophy and lipectomy) on human serum total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to examine effect of partial lipectomy in rats (as an experimental model of fat mass reduction in humans) on (1) circulating total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol + VLDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations, and (2) factors which may affect serum cholesterol concentrations such as: (a) liver LDL-receptor level, (b) expression of liver PCSK9 and (c) circulating PCSK9 concentration. Reduction of rat adipose tissue mass resulted in an increase in circulating total and LDL + VLDL—cholesterol concentrations, which was associated with (a) decrease in liver LDL-R level, (b) increase in liver PCSK9 expression, and (c) increase in circulating PCSK9 concentration as compared with sham controls. These changes were accompanied by elevated liver HNF1α (and HNF4α) mRNA levels. Silencing HNF1α in HepG2 cells by siRNA led to decrease in PCSK9 mRNA levels. This suggests that overexpression of HNF1α gene in liver of lipectomized rats can lead to overproduction of PCSK9. In conclusion, up-regulation of PCSK9, due to overexpression of HNF1α gene in liver of lipectomized rats and subsequently increase in circulating PCSK9 concentration lead to decrease in liver LDL-R level. This may contribute, at least in part, to an increase in the concentration of circulating cholesterol in rats with reduced fat mass. These findings provide a possible explanation for the molecular mechanism of hypercholesterolemia observed sometimes after reduction of fat mass in human.

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Up-regulation of orexigenic and down-regulation of anorexigenic neuropeptide gene expression in rat hypothalamus after partial lipectomy

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

A Systematic Scoping Review of Surgically Manipulated Adipose Tissue and the Regulation of Energetics and Body Fat in Animals

A Systematic Scoping Review of Surgically Manipulated Adipose Tissue and the Regulation of Energetics and Body Fat in Animals

Upregulation of Pnpla2 and Abhd5 and downregulation of G0s2 gene expression in mesenteric white adipose tissue as a potential reason for elevated concentration of circulating NEFA after removal of retroperitoneal, epididymal, and inguinal adipose tissue

Up-regulation of PCSK9 gene expression and diminished level of LDL-receptor in rat liver as a potential cause of post-lipectomy hypercholesterolemia

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