Update on Canine and Feline Blood Donor Screening for Blood‐Borne Pathogens

Wardrop, K. Jane; Birkenheuer, Adam J.; Blais, Marie‐Claude; Callan, Mary Beth; Kohn, Barbara; Lappin, Michael R.; Sykes, Jane E.

doi:10.1111/jvim.13823

Cited by 102 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…All donor cats undergo screening with a physical examination followed by testing for blood type and infectious diseases according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine guidelines (Wardrop et al . ). Blood is collected into citrate phosphate dextrose adenine (CPDA) anticoagulant and stored as WB or pRBCs in Optisol RBC preservative at 4°C for a maximum of 35 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The Ontario Veterinary College Health Science Center (OVC-HSC) (Guelph, Canada) has a hospital-run feline blood banking programme that performs routine blood collections from a colony of clinic-owned, fostered cats. All donor cats undergo screening with a physical examination followed by testing for blood type and infectious diseases according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine guidelines (Wardrop et al 2016). Blood is collected into citrate phosphate dextrose adenine (CPDA) anticoagulant and stored as WB or pRBCs in Optisol RBC preservative at 4°C for a maximum of 35 days.…”

Section: Blood Collection and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

Martínez‐Sogues

Blois

Manzanilla

et al. 2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To describe red blood cell transfusion practices and short‐term outcomes in anaemic cats. To determine clinical variables associated with non‐survival and transfusion‐related complications. Material and Methods In this retrospective study, blood bank records from the Ontario Veterinary College Health Science Centre (OVC‐HSC) were reviewed to identify cats that received packed red blood cells or whole blood from 2009 to 2017. We extracted cause of anaemia, history of previous transfusion, pre‐ and post‐transfusion packed cell volume, pre‐transfusion compatibility testing, volume and dose of blood product, age of red blood cell unit, transfusion‐associated complications and patient survival. Results A total of 450 transfusion events were recorded in 267 cats. Blood loss was the most common indication for blood transfusion (44.9%), followed by ineffective erythropoiesis (37.5%) and red blood cell destruction (22.5%). Transfusion‐associated complications occurred in 10.2% events and there was a 20.2% mortality after transfusion. Mean increase in packed cell volume 24‐hours after transfusion was greater in cats undergoing major cross‐match testing before transfusion (7.2%) versus those that did not (4.0%). Non‐survival was associated with higher packed cell volume before transfusion, low patient body temperature before transfusion, anaemia due to blood loss and number of transfusions administered. Older age of transfused blood units was associated with non‐survival and transfusion‐related complications. Clinical Importance This study was observational and so our analyses were exploratory, but suggest that major cross‐match before transfusion tended to have greater transfusion efficacy and transfusion of older blood products might have detrimental effects on survival.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Blood Collection and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

Martínez‐Sogues

Blois

Manzanilla

et al. 2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…Donor health screening included history, physical examination, and blood hemoglobin concentration performed before each donation, and an annual CBC, serum biochemistry panel, and testing for blood-borne pathogens, as outlined in the updated consensus statement of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 14…”

Section: Blood Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of naturally occurring non‐AB blood type incompatibilities in cats and influence of crossmatch on transfusion outcomes

McClosky

Brown

Weinstein

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundRecognition of the feline red blood cell (RBC) antigen Mik and the presence of naturally occurring anti‐Mik antibodies resulting in acute hemolytic transfusion reactions prompted the recommendation to perform a crossmatch before a cat's first RBC transfusion, but this guideline has not yet become a standard practice.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of naturally occurring non‐AB alloantibodies detectable by tube crossmatch, and to compare transfusion outcomes in cats with and without a crossmatch performed.AnimalsThree hundred cats that received an RBC transfusion, with or without a major crossmatch performed.MethodsRetrospective study.ResultsMajor crossmatch incompatibilities were documented in 23 of 154 transfusion‐naive cats (14.9%) and in 15 of 55 previously transfused cats (27%; P = 0.042). Type‐specific packed RBCs (pRBCs) were administered to 167 and 82 cats with and without a crossmatch, respectively. Median volume of pRBCs administered during the first transfusion was 5.3 mL/kg (range, 2.4‐18 mL/kg). Median change in PCV scaled to dose of pRBCs was +0.8%/mL/kg; administration of crossmatch‐compatible pRBCs was not associated with a greater increase in PCV. Febrile transfusion reactions occurred more often in cats that received non‐crossmatched (10.1%) compared to crossmatched (2.5%) pRBCs (P = 0.022). Seventy‐six percent of cats that received pRBC transfusions survived to hospital discharge. A crossmatch was not associated with improved survival to discharge or at 30 or 60 days posttransfusion.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe prevalence of naturally occurring non‐AB incompatibilities is sufficiently high to justify the recommendation to perform a crossmatch before all (including the first) RBC transfusions in cats.

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“…Over time, the approach of blood banking (BB) and transfusional medicine has evolved from an empirically and rare procedure, to a modern and currently available treatment (Greenwalt, 1997;Yagi & Bean, 2016). This trend has been closely connected to the evolution of blood bank equipment and diagnostic methods, making blood transfusions (BT) much safer (Wardrop, 2016). However, several risks are still present, related either to the donor, or to the recipient dogs (Yagi & Bean, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this respect, Yagi & Bean (2016) recommended the criteria listed below for the selection of donors: age, weight, physical examination, behaviour, history of previously involvement in BT and other medication, preventive medication, haematological and biochemical blood analyses, blood type, infectious diseases screening, and the owner's attitude. Considering the above mentioned criteria, all blood donors should be tested for various blood-borne pathogens which can potentially cause diseases in the recipient (Wardrop, 2016). Once canine BT became a routine procedure, there was a need to study the potential for transmission of infectious and parasitic diseases (Freeman, 1994;Owens, 2001;Stegeman, 2003;Reine, 2004;Wardrop, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector-Borne Pathogens-Testing in a Romanian Canine Blood Bank

Ionescu

Rădulescu

Florea

et al. 2018

CBUP

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INTRODUCTION: Canine blood banking in veterinary medicine is an expanding market. Once the demand for blood products increased all over the world, canine blood banks have focused attention on the risk of spreading diseases through blood transfused products. The need to preserve a healthy donor-pool, free of blood-borne infectious diseases, mainly in endemic areas, led to the implementation of appropriate protocols for screening canine blood donors using specific tests. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum/Anaplasmaplatys, Echrlichiacanis/Echrlichiaewingii, Dirofilariaimmitis and Borrelia burgdorferi using the enzyme immunoassay technology (EIA) among the donors of a Romanian canine blood bank, from January 2015 to December 2016. METHODS: Blood samples from 575 donors were collected and 1253 tests were performed with SNAP 4DX Plus® (IDEXX Laboratories, Fremont, CA) to reveal the presence of D. immitis antigens and the antibodies toward A. phagocytophilum and/or A. platys, E. canis and/or E. ewingii and B. burgdorferi. RESULTS: The results of this holistic approach show that all blood samples provided negative results for B. burgdorferi and E.canis/E. ewingii (0/1253), while 0.87% (11/1253) samples provided positive results for A. phagocytophilum/A. platys and 6.94% (87/1253) for D. immitis. CONCLUSION: The next studied topic would be to compare the results provided by the EIA technology with results of real time PCR and qPCR regarding these vector-borne pathogens. UDC Classification: 616.9; DOI: http://dx.

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Update on Canine and Feline Blood Donor Screening for Blood‐Borne Pathogens

Cited by 102 publications

References 105 publications

Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

Exploration of risk factors for non‐survival and for transfusion‐associated complications in cats receiving red cell transfusions: 450 cases (2009 to 2017)

Prevalence of naturally occurring non‐AB blood type incompatibilities in cats and influence of crossmatch on transfusion outcomes

Vector-Borne Pathogens-Testing in a Romanian Canine Blood Bank

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