Update on Optic Neuritis: An International View

Hickman, Simon J.; Petzold, Axel

doi:10.1080/01658107.2021.1964541

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…The most common first clinical manifestation in MOGAD is optic neuritis. Although it has a severe presentation, after treatment, patients often have a good visual outcome [ 9 ]. Acute optic neuritis may present with any type of visual defect depending on the location of inflammation [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Optic Neuritis Presenting With Orbital Apex Syndrome

Sulaiman,

Kamardin,

Sultan Abdul Kader

et al. 2023

Cureus

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A 36-year-old man presented with an acute onset of a right eye monocular altitudinal defect associated with pain on eye movement upon waking up from sleep. His right eye subsequently developed outward deviation and a total loss of vision. Clinical examination of the right eye revealed a visual acuity of no light perception (NLP) with the presence of relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and involvement of cranial nerves II, III, IV, and VI. A marked optic disc swelling and peripapillary hemorrhages were seen in the right fundus. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the brain and orbit showed a unilateral enlargement and enhancement of the right intraorbital and intracanalicular segments of the optic nerve with surrounding fat stranding and orbital apex crowding. Magnetic resonance imaging showed T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensity and enhancement of the optic nerve and the myelin sheath. Serum anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies were detected. He was treated with corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and intravenous immunoglobulin. His vision improved slowly after treatment. This case report shows the diverse manifestations of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease, which includes the orbital apex syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Optic Neuritis Presenting With Orbital Apex Syndrome

Sulaiman,

Kamardin,

Sultan Abdul Kader

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…If one was to extrapolate from this impression to other diseases similar may be found. The first question therefore is, “What is the epidemiological burden of overall postinfectious pathology between 2019, 2020, and 2021, compared to the prepandemic period?” This will be easy for ON, where a 22-year epidemiological study on over 121 million patient follow-up years was just completed 36 and worldwide epidemiological data are available 69 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will be easy for ON, where a 22-year epidemiological study on over 121 million patient follow-up years was just completed 36 and worldwide epidemiological data are available. 69 Second, is there a true post-SARS-CoV-2 infectious epidemiological signal that is masked statistically by the effect of infection control? In other words, the total incidence argument used in several survey studies presently may not be entirely watertight.…”

Section: Pupil Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuro-Ophthalmic Implications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Related Infection and Vaccination

Petzold

2022

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic created a unique opportunity to study the effects of infection and vaccination on disease. The year 2020 was dominated by infection and its consequences. The year 2021 was dominated by vaccination and its consequences. It will still take several years for full maturation of databases required for robust epidemiological studies. Therefore, this review on the implications for neuro-ophthalmology draws on resources presently available including reported adverse reactions to vaccination. Illustrative clinical cases are presented. The spectrum of pathology following infection with SARS-CoV-2 falls into 4 main categories: autoimmune, vascular, sequelae of brain damage, and miscellaneous. This review is exhaustive, but the most common conditions discussed relate to headaches and associated symptoms; vertigo, diplopia, and nystagmus; vascular complications of the eye and brain; cranial nerve (mono-)neuropathies; photophobia, ocular discomfort, and optic neuritis. Of the 36 main adverse reactions reviewed, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia is a novel complication requiring specific hematological management. Updated diagnostic criteria are summarized. It is relevant to remember taking a medication history because of side effects and to recognize the relevance of comorbidities. The clinical assessment can frequently be performed virtually. Consensus recommendations on telemedicine and the virtual assessment are summarized in a practical and compressed format. The review concludes with an epidemiological tetralogy to interrogate, in future studies, associations with (1) SARS-CoV-2 pandemic infection, (2) SARS-CoV-2 worldwide vaccination, and (3) the possibility of a rebound effect of infections in the pandemic aftermath.

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“…Optic neuritis, an inflammatory condition, demyelinates the optic nerve in one or both eyes and causes acute or subacute vision loss ( 1 ). Previously, our understanding of optic neuritis was based on the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT) and its results affected optic neuritis treatment worldwide ( 2 , 3 ). Optic neuritis was categorized into typical type, i.e., idiopathic or multiple sclerosis related and with a good visual prognosis, and atypical type, i.e., not associated with multiple sclerosis and requiring corticosteroids for visual recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Sjögren syndrome, sociodemographic factors, comorbid conditions, and optic neuritis: a Taiwanese population-based study

Jan,

Ho,

Sung

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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PurposeOur study aimed to explore the correlation between Sjögren syndrome, sociodemographic factors, comorbid conditions, and optic neuritis.MethodsThis retrospective, nationwide, population-based, matched case–control investigation involved 33,190 individuals diagnosed with optic neuritis, identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 377.30 for optic neuritis or 377.32 for retrobulbar neuritis. Patient data were extracted from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Demographic characteristics, the presence of Sjögren syndrome, and pre-existing comorbid conditions were analyzed using univariate logistic regression. Continuous variables were assessed with a paired t-test. Adjusted logistic regression was employed to compare the prognosis odds ratio (OR) of patients with optic neuritis to controls.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounding variables, individuals with Sjögren syndrome exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of developing optic neuritis compared to controls (adjusted OR, 9.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.28–12.98; p < 0.0001). Other conditions associated with increased odds of optic neuritis included rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and granulomatous vasculitis (adjusted OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.33–1.86; adjusted OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.65–2.48; adjusted OR: 140.77, 95% CI: 35.02–565.85; adjusted OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.71–3.30; adjusted OR: 18.28, 95% CI: 2.21–151.45, respectively), as well as systemic infections such as human herpes viral infection and tuberculosis infection (adjusted OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.35–1.66; adjusted OR: 4.60, 95% CI: 3.81–5.56, respectively).DiscussionOur findings strongly support the existence of an association between Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, granulomatous vasculitis, human herpes viral infection, tuberculosis, and optic neuritis.

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Update on Optic Neuritis: An International View

Cited by 26 publications

References 89 publications

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Optic Neuritis Presenting With Orbital Apex Syndrome

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Optic Neuritis Presenting With Orbital Apex Syndrome

Neuro-Ophthalmic Implications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Related Infection and Vaccination

Association between Sjögren syndrome, sociodemographic factors, comorbid conditions, and optic neuritis: a Taiwanese population-based study

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