Urban Aerosol Particle Size Characterization in Eastern Mediterranean Conditions

Hussein, Tareq; Dada, Lubna; Hakala, Simo; Petäj̈ä, Tuukka; Kulmala, Markku

doi:10.3390/atmos10110710

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Surprisingly, the PM concentrations did not show a clear seasonal variation. This is contrary to previous observation reported via on-line continuous long-term measurement of the particle number size distribution, which showed a clear seasonal variation for the coarse mode particle number concentration with higher concentrations during the winter than summer and showed specific peaks in spring and autumn (Hussein et al, 2018(Hussein et al, , 2019. A reason for not observing this seasonal variation in this study can be due to the sampling protocol conducted here; collecting a sample every 6 days.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript Particulate Matter (Pm) contrasting

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Concentrations in a Middle Eastern City – An Insight to Sand and Dust Storm Episodes

Hussein

Al-Dulaimi

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In this study, the particulate matter mass (PM10 and PM2.5) concentrations we measured during May 2018-March 2019 in an urban atmosphere of Amman, Jordan. The results showed that the annual mean PM10 concentration was 64±39 µgm-3 and the PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.8±0.2. According to the Jordanian Air Quality standards (JS-1140/2006), the observed PM10 annual mean value was below the limit value but that of the PM2.5 was three times higher than the corresponding limit value. However, both exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline values. In a larger perspective, the annual mean PM10 concentrations in Jordan were lower than what was reported in other cities in the Middle East but were higher when compared to other Mediterranean cities. During the measurement period, Jordan was affected by Sand and Dust Storm (SDS) episodes on 14 days. The source origins of these dust outbreaks were traced back to North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Levant. The 24-hour PM10 concentrations during these SDS episodes ranged between 108 and 188 µgm-3 , which was about 3-6 times higher than the mean values during clean conditions (~33 µgm-3).

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Section: Accepted Manuscript Particulate Matter (Pm) contrasting

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Concentrations in a Middle Eastern City – An Insight to Sand and Dust Storm Episodes

Hussein

Al-Dulaimi

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…In the urban background atmosphere of Amman [62], outdoor PN concentrations were typically higher during the winter compared to the summer; the ratio can be 2-3 based on the daily means. Based on the hourly mean, the outdoor PN concentration had a clear diurnal and weekly pattern, with high concentrations during the workdays, especially during traffic rush hours.…”

Section: Indoor Versus Outdoor Particle Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outdoor aerosol measurements were made on a few occasions at each dwelling; however, they were not of sufficient length to make meaningful conclusions about the aerosol indoor-to-outdoor relationship. However, comprehensive measurements of ambient aerosols have been made in the urban background in Amman [40,41,[59][60][61][62], for which comparisons with the indoor measurements presented in this study can be made.…”

Section: Indoor Versus Outdoor Particle Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Particle Concentrations, Size Distributions, and Exposures in Middle Eastern Microenvironments

et al. 2019

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There is limited research on indoor air quality in the Middle East. In this study, concentrations and size distributions of indoor particles were measured in eight Jordanian dwellings during the winter and summer. Supplemental measurements of selected gaseous pollutants were also conducted. Indoor cooking, heating via the combustion of natural gas and kerosene, and tobacco/shisha smoking were associated with significant increases in the concentrations of ultrafine, fine, and coarse particles. Particle number (PN) and particle mass (PM) size distributions varied with the different indoor emission sources and among the eight dwellings. Natural gas cooking and natural gas or kerosene heaters were associated with PN concentrations on the order of 100,000 to 400,000 cm −3 and PM 2.5 concentrations often in the range of 10 to 150 µg/m 3 . Tobacco and shisha (waterpipe or hookah) smoking, the latter of which is common in Jordan, were found to be strong emitters of indoor ultrafine and fine particles in the dwellings. Non-combustion cooking activities emitted comparably less PN and PM 2.5 . Indoor cooking and combustion processes were also found to increase concentrations of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and volatile organic compounds. In general, concentrations of indoor particles were lower during the summer compared to the winter. In the absence of indoor activities, indoor PN and PM 2.5 concentrations were generally below 10,000 cm −3 and 30 µg/m 3 , respectively. Collectively, the results suggest that Jordanian indoor environments can be heavily polluted when compared to the surrounding outdoor atmosphere primarily due to the ubiquity of indoor combustion associated with cooking, heating, and smoking.

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“…Particle size characterization was recently investigated and presented in our previous study by Hussein et al [79]. Here, we only recall the overall mean concentrations ( Figure S4).…”

Section: An Overview Of the Mean Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Urban New Particle Formation in Amman—Jordan

et al. 2020

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We characterized new particle formation (NPF) events in the urban background of Amman during August 2016–July 2017. The monthly mean of submicron particle number concentration was 1.2 × 104–3.7 × 104 cm−3 (exhibited seasonal, weekly, and diurnal variation). Nucleation mode (10–15 nm) concentration was 0.7 × 103–1.1 × 103 cm−3 during daytime with a sharp peak (1.1 × 103–1.8 × 103 cm−3) around noon. We identified 110 NPF events (≈34% of all days) of which 55 showed a decreasing mode diameter after growth. The NPF event occurrence was higher in summer than in winter, and events were accompanied with air mass back trajectories crossing over the Eastern Mediterranean. The mean nucleation rate (J10) was 1.9 ± 1.1 cm−3 s−1 (monthly mean 1.6–2.7 cm−3 s−1) and the mean growth rate was 6.8 ± 3.1 nm/h (4.1–8.8 nm/h). The formation rate did not have a seasonal pattern, but the growth rate had a seasonal variation (maximum around August and minimum in winter). The mean condensable vapor source rate was 4.1 ± 2.2 × 105 molecules/cm3 s (2.6–6.9 × 105 molecules/cm3 s) with a seasonal pattern (maximum around August). The mean condensation sink was 8.9 ± 3.3 × 10−3 s−1 (6.4–14.8 × 10−3 s−1) with a seasonal pattern (minimum around June and maximum in winter).

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Urban Aerosol Particle Size Characterization in Eastern Mediterranean Conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 86 publications

Particulate Matter Concentrations in a Middle Eastern City – An Insight to Sand and Dust Storm Episodes

Particulate Matter Concentrations in a Middle Eastern City – An Insight to Sand and Dust Storm Episodes

Indoor Particle Concentrations, Size Distributions, and Exposures in Middle Eastern Microenvironments

Characterization of Urban New Particle Formation in Amman—Jordan

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