Urban energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Beijing: current and future

Hao, Yu; Pan, Su-Yan; Tang, Bao-Jun; Mi, Zhifu; Zhang, Yan; Wei, Yi‐Ming

doi:10.1007/s12053-014-9305-3

Cited by 65 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Despite some fluctuations, the energy-related CO 2 emissions of Beijing have stabilized at approximately 100-110 Mt yr -1 (including urban and rural household consumption). Additionally, the declining trend of the secondary industrial sector's carbon emissions has been reported in some studies [1,3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012

Shao

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The present study analyzed the consumption-based carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012. The multi-scale input-output analysis method was applied. It is capable of tracing the carbon emissions embodied in imports based on a global multi-regional input-output analysis using Eora data. The results show that the consumption-based carbon emission of Beijing has increased by 18% since 2007, which is 2.57 times higher than the production-based carbon emission in 2012. Only approximately 1/10 of the total carbon emissions embodied in Beijing's local final demand originated from local direct carbon emissions. Meanwhile, more than 4/5 were from domestically imported products. The carbon emission nexus between Beijing and other Chinese regions has become closer since 2007, while the imbalance as the carbon emission transfer from Beijing to other regions has been mitigated. Instead, Beijing has imported more carbon emissions from foreign countries. Some carbon emission reduction strategies for Beijing concerning different goals are presented on the basis of detailed discussion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Detailed direct GHG emission inventories concerning different sources of carbon have been presented. The trends and driving forces have been discussed [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012

Shao

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Consequently, these results implied that economic growth may be stunted by energy conservation policies. Yu et al [30] tried to estimate the energy consumption and CO 2 emissions in Beijing over the years 2012 to 2030 by developing a model called the "Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP)-BJ model." The study was analyzed based on the Business-as-Usual scenario (BAU) and Policy scenario (POL) scenarios.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Relationship of Causal Factors in the Economic, Social, and Environmental Aspects Affecting the Implementation of Sustainability Policy in Thailand: Enriching the Path Analysis Based on a GMM Model

Sutthichaimethee

Dockthaisong

2018

Resources

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This research aimed to analyze the influence of the direct and indirect relationships of economic, social, and environmental factors as well as predict their future effects by applying a path analysis of a generalized method of moments model (path analysis–GMM model). The model is believed to be the most effective in relationship analysis, as it is capable of accurate prediction compared to the original models. Most importantly, the model can be applied to different contexts, benefiting the development areas of those contexts. Furthermore, the model has also been found to be the best linear unbiased estimation (BLUE), which is suitable for long-term forecasting. However, the study’s results reflect that the three latent variables of economic, social, and environmental factors have direct and indirect effects. In addition, both economic and social factors were found to have causal relationships. The availability of the path analysis–GMM model enables us to forecast the social and economic changes over the next 20 years (2019–2038), and predict the change in energy-related CO2 emissions for the next 20 years (2019–2038). Thus, the study was able to discern the economic and social growth of Thailand. Studies have shown that the economic and social growth of Thailand has increased by 7.85%, based on various indicators. The economic indicators include per capita gross domestic product ( G D P ) , urbanization rate ( U R E ) , industrial structure ( I S E ) , net exports ( X − E ) , and indirect foreign investment ( I F I ) , while the social indicators include employment ( E M S ) , health and illness ( H I S ) , social security ( SSS ) , and consumer protection ( CPS ) . However, the environment has continuously deteriorated, as understood via environmental indicators such as energy consumption ( E C E ) , energy intensity ( E I E ) , and carbon dioxide emissions ( C O 2 ) . This is due to the increment of CO2 emissions in energy consumption of 39.37% (2038/2019) or 103.37 Mt CO2 eq. by 2038. However, by using the path analysis–GMM model to test for performance, it produced the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.01% and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.25%. A comparison of the above results with other models, including the multiple regression model, grey model, artificial neural natural model (ANN model), back propagation neural network (BP model), and the autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA model) provided evidence that the path analysis–GMM model was the most suitable in forecasting and contextual application to support the formulation of the national strategy in the future.

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“…Currently, climate change is damaging the environments around us , and cities have become the centres of people's social-economic lives (Yu et al 2015). More than 3.6 billion people live in cities (Gouldson et al 2015), and urban populations will pass 6.7 billion in 2050 (UNDESA 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of urban carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) accounting based on the comparable GPC framework: a case of the underdeveloped city, Nanning, China

Jia

Gong

Xie

et al. 2018

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences

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Urban energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Beijing: current and future

Cited by 65 publications

References 29 publications

Carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012

Carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012

A Relationship of Causal Factors in the Economic, Social, and Environmental Aspects Affecting the Implementation of Sustainability Policy in Thailand: Enriching the Path Analysis Based on a GMM Model

Study of urban carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) accounting based on the comparable GPC framework: a case of the underdeveloped city, Nanning, China

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Urban energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Beijing: current and future

Cited by 65 publications

References 29 publications

Carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012

Carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012

A Relationship of Causal Factors in the Economic, Social, and Environmental Aspects Affecting the Implementation of Sustainability Policy in Thailand: Enriching the Path Analysis Based on a GMM Model

Study of urban carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) accounting based on the comparable GPC framework: a case of the underdeveloped city, Nanning, China

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Study of urban carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) accounting based on the comparable GPC framework: a case of the underdeveloped city, Nanning, China