Urban green spaces for support healthiness in Jakarta during the COVID-19 pandemic: A quantitative study

Abstract

This research analyzes the criticality of Urban Green Spaces (UGS) environmental and health benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, restrictions on mobility, safety concerns, and restricted access during the implementation of social distancing policies tend to use UGS to provide alternative spaces for social interaction and health. This is a severe concern to Jakarta, as the epicenter of the pandemic outbreak with limited UGS. An online survey was conducted from March to April 2021 to understand better and investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the use of UGS and behavior-changing of visitation. The results show that respondents continued to use UGS during the pandemic and considered it more beneficial for health. However, the result showed that residents’ considerations of staying active for health reasons, reduced stress, and boredom. This research provides empirical evidence illustrating the value of UGS as a resilient city infrastructure, therefore, the management policy in this city can be considered with potential application to other cities.

Green space and the health of the older adult during pandemics: a narrative review on the experience of COVID-19

“…For instance, individuals working in public or private jobs have the highest number of visits to green spaces (25.42%), followed by those not employed (24.82%). Monthly income is also associated with the willingness to exercise, frequency of recreational activities, and inclination to travel outside the city to access green spaces ( 79 ).…”

“…The desirability of a neighborhood for older adults is influenced by the distribution, quality, and accessibility of green spaces ( 79 ). The proximity of residential areas to urban parks and forests increases the inclination to visit these green spaces for sports or entertainment.…”

“…The proximity of residential areas to urban parks and forests increases the inclination to visit these green spaces for sports or entertainment. Setiowati et al ( 79 ) found that the frequency of visits by individuals residing within 500 meters of a park is associated with the opportunity for exercise. Still, the relationship between distances of 500 and 1,000 m has not been extensively studied.…”

Unveiling the Essential Role of Green Spaces during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond

“…Involving society in the decision-making process is an important element that can support the process of urban regeneration in the context of climate change adaptation and societal expectations for urban green area. Through public participation, it is possible not only to gain knowledge of residents' needs, but also to foster their sense of connection to the environment and acceptance of necessary actions in the future [57,102,103]. It should be remembered that the decision-making process should be conducted with the consideration of as many stakeholders as possible [94].…”

The Impact of Urban Green Space on The Urban Heat Island Phenomenon – A Study Case in East Jakarta, Indonesia

“…Article 29 paragraph 1 states that public green space is a green area that is owned and managed by the local government and utilized for the benefit of the community, whether in the form of city parks, urban forests, cemeteries, or green belts. According to the study by Setiowati et al (2022), there are 3,474 hectares of green space in Jakarta, making up 5.3% of the city's total urban green space, which is still low because Jakarta hasn't been able to reach the established urban green space ratio standard of 30%.…”