Urban groundwater baseflow influence upon inorganic river-water quality: The River Tame headwaters catchment in the City of Birmingham, UK

Rivett, Michael O.; Ellis, Paul A.; Mackay, R.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.01.036

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The reach length studied of 50 m is similar to that of a small industrial site facility and variation within this scale is important for site problem holders to consider when designing what will be typically much sparser monitoring networks. The 50-m reach study usefully complements our previous studies on the River Tame concerning: interactions with the unconfined Birmingham aquifer reach studied over a 7 km long 'city scale Shepherd et al, 2006;Rivett et al, 2011); examination of cross-river transects of plume discharges Rivett et al, 2008); and, assessment of transient exchange processes (Cuthbert et al, 2010;Roche et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…This permitted chloride concentrations to be used as a tracer of surface water / groundwater mixing in the hyporheic zone (Rivett et al, 2011). The dechlorination of CHC concentration maximum values in the range of 1 mg/L (0.016 µmol/L) would not yield sufficient chloride to confound this application.…”

Section: Data Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) where: C i is the ML sample chloride concentration; C GW is the average chloride concentration in the groundwater; and C SW is the surface water chloride concentration. Values of C SW were adjusted to reflect surface water variations in time (Rivett et al, 2011).…”

Section: Data Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around 45 Ml/d is due to an upstream sewage treatment works discharge to the Tame (Daily and Buss, 2014). Towards an order of magnitude increase in flow is possible under flood conditions on the Tame as the river efficiently drains the wider conurbation leading to a characteristically flashy urban hydrograph (Rivett et al, 2011;later figures). Previous larger scale studies have investigated groundwater impacts on Tame water quality over a 7-km reach through Birmingham where the underling Triassic sandstone aquifer naturally discharges to the Tame (Daily and Buss, 2014;Rivett et al, 2011;Shepherd et al, 2006).…”

Section: Field Site and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Towards an order of magnitude increase in flow is possible under flood conditions on the Tame as the river efficiently drains the wider conurbation leading to a characteristically flashy urban hydrograph (Rivett et al, 2011;later figures). Previous larger scale studies have investigated groundwater impacts on Tame water quality over a 7-km reach through Birmingham where the underling Triassic sandstone aquifer naturally discharges to the Tame (Daily and Buss, 2014;Rivett et al, 2011;Shepherd et al, 2006). The aquifer contains widespread and persistent CHC contamination (Rivett et al, 1990a(Rivett et al, ,b, 2005(Rivett et al, , 2012 as well as metals and other inorganic contaminants typically associated with urban aquifers (Ford et al, 1992;Ford and Tellam, 1994;Tellam, 2007).…”

Section: Field Site and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach

Freitas

Rivett

Roche

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/62331/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the AbstractThe typically elevated natural attenuation capacity of riverbed -hyporheic zones is expected to decrease chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) groundwater plume discharges to river receptors through dechlorination reactions. The aim of this study was to assess physico-chemical processes controlling field-scale variation in riverbed -hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharge to an urban river reach. The 50-m long pool -riffle -glide reach of the River Tame in Birmingham (UK) studied is a heterogeneous high energy river environment. The shallow riverbed was instrumented with a detailed network of multilevel samplers. Freeze coring revealed a geologically heterogeneous and poorly sorted riverbed. A chlorine number reduction approach provided a quantitative indicator of CHC dechlorination. Three sub-reaches of contrasting behaviour were identified. Greatest dechlorination occurred in the riffle sub-reach that was characterised by hyporheic zone flows, moderate sulphate concentrations and pH, anaerobic conditions, low iron, but elevated manganese concentrations with evidence of sulphate reduction. Transient hyporheic zone flows allowing input to varying riverbed depths of organic matter is anticipated to be a key control. The glide sub-reach displayed negligible dechlorination attributed to the predominant groundwater baseflow discharge condition and absence of hyporheic zone, transition to more oxic conditions and elevated sulphate concentrations expected to inhibit dechlorination. The tail-of-pool-riffle sub-reach exhibited patchy dechlorination that was attributed to sub-reach complexities including significant flow bypass of a low permeability, high organic matter, silty unit of high dechlorination potential. A process-based conceptual model of reach-scale dechlorination variability was developed. Key findings of practitioner relevance were: riverbed -hyporheic zone CHC dechlorination may provide only a partial, patchy barrier to CHC groundwater plume discharges to a surface water receptor; and, monitoring requirements to assess the variability in CHC attenuation within a reach are expected to be onerous. Further research on transient hyporheic zone dechlorination is...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Data Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Site and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Site and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach

Freitas

Rivett

Roche

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Estimation of baseflow nitrate loads by a recursive tracing source algorithm in a rainy agricultural watershed

Lü

2019

Hydrological Processes

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Baseflow has become an important source of nitrate nonpoint source pollution in many intensive agricultural watersheds. Uncertainties in baseflow nutrient load separation are caused by the effects of hydrometeorological factors on both baseflow recession and baseflow nutrient load recession. These uncertainties have not been addressed well in the existing separating algorithms, which are based on simple baseflow rate-load relationships. In the present study, a recursive tracing source algorithm (RTSA) was developed based on a nonlinear reservoir algorithm and hydrometeorology-corrected baseflow nutrient load recession parameter. This approach was used to reduce the uncertainty of baseflow nitrate load estimation caused by variations in different load recessions under varying climate conditions. RTSA validation in a typical rainy agricultural watershed yielded Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, root mean square error-observation standard deviation ratio, and R 2 values of 0.91, 0.30, and 0.91, respectively. The baseflow nitrate-nitrogen (N─NO 3 -) loads from 2003 to 2012 in the Changle River watershed of eastern China were estimated with the RTSA. The results indicated that baseflow nitrate export accounted for 62.0% of the mean total annual N─NO 3 loads (18.0 kg/ha). The total baseflow N─NO 3 export was highest in spring (3.6 kg/ha), followed by summer (3.2 kg/ha), winter (2.3 kg/ha), and autumn (2.1 kg/ha). The contribution of baseflow to total nitrate in the stream decreased in the order of winter (69.88%) >spring (66.59%) >autumn (60.36%) >summer (54.04%). The monthly baseflow N─NO 3 loads and flow-weighted concentrations greatly increased during the research period (Mann-Kendall test, Z s > 2.56, p < .01). Without proper countermeasures, baseflow nitrate may represent a serious long-term risk for water surfaces in the future. K E Y W O R D S baseflow load separation, nitrate, nonpoint source pollution, recursive tracing source algorithm

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The evolution and state of interdisciplinary hyporheic research

Ward

2015

WIREs Water

105

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Hyporheic zones are of broad interest, given their location at the interface between surface and groundwaters, numerous ecological functions, and location as a zone of interdependent physical, chemical, and biological processes. Hyporheic research has been successful in study of individual processes, but our understanding of coupled, interacting processes in hyporheic zones remains limited. Based on an analysis of publications and citations, interest in the hyporhec zone was catalyzed by ecological functions, and interest has become more balanced across disciplines and functions in recent years. Analysis of publications and field studies spanning 12 identified hyporheic processes demonstrates that studies commonly focus on 1–3 processes limiting our ability to characterize interaction or interdependence of hyporheic processes. Analysis of field studies demonstrate that the most frequently studies scales are second‐ and third‐order streams with longitudinal, lateral, and vertical scales of 10–1000+ m, 1–10, and 0–1 m, respectively. These studies commonly considered variations spanning timescales of storm events to seasons. I identified a total of 86 variables used to characterize hyporheic processes of which the most frequently reported 14 variables represent more than 50% of all variables found in this analysis. Thus, a relatively small suite of variables may hold key information to enable cross‐site comparison of findings. Future hyporheic research should address the challenges of (1) defining common metadata to support interdisciplinary research and cross‐site comparison and (2) quantifying spatial and temporal heterogeneity in hyporheic functions to enable multi‐scale assessment and prediction of hyporheic processes. WIREs Water 2016, 3:83–103. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1120 This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Methods

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Urban groundwater baseflow influence upon inorganic river-water quality: The River Tame headwaters catchment in the City of Birmingham, UK

Cited by 42 publications

References 47 publications

Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach

Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach

Estimation of baseflow nitrate loads by a recursive tracing source algorithm in a rainy agricultural watershed

The evolution and state of interdisciplinary hyporheic research

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