Urban mining as a contribution to the resource strategy of the Canton of Zurich

Simoni, Mark; Kuhn, Elvira; Morf, Leo S.; Kuendig, Rainer; Adam, Fadwa Adam Abbakar

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2015.06.045

Cited by 48 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…10 In Switzerland, digested sludge is preferably incinerated in mono-incineration fluidized bed reactors and the resulting ash is landfilled for resource recovery in the future. [11][12] Cu and Zn are trace elements in the sewage sludge with concentrations ranging from 200 to 1000 mg/kg total suspended solids, respectively. 13 The main sources of Cu and Zn and CuO and ZnO-nanoparticles (NP) in wastewater are the electroplating and metal finishing industries 14 as well as personal care products, paints and (food) packaging materials 1,[15][16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of Nanoscale and Ionic Cu and Zn during the Incineration of Digested Sewage Sludge (Biosolids)

Wielinski

Gogos

Voegelin

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Engineered nanoparticles (NP) discharged to sewers are efficiently retained by wastewater treatment plants and accumulate in the sewage sludge, which is commonly digested. The resulting biosolids are either used as fertilizer or incinerated. In this study, we address the transformation of Cu and Zn during sewage sludge incineration and evaluate whether the form of Cu or Zn (nanoparticulate versus dissolved) added to the digested sewage sludge affects the fate of the metals during incineration. We spiked CuO-NP, dissolved CuSO 4 , ZnO-NP or dissolved ZnSO 4 to anaerobically digested sewage sludge to reach Cu and Zn concentrations of ≈°2500°mg/kg and ≈°3700°mg/kg and maintained the sludge under mesophilic, anaerobic conditions for 24 h. Subsequently, the sludge was incinerated in a pilot fluidized bed reactor. The speciation of Cu and Zn in the sludge, derived from X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements, was dominated by sulfidic species, with > 90% of Cu and > 60% of Zn coordinated to reduced sulfur groups. In the ash, both Cu (> 60%) and Zn (~100%) were coordinated to oxygen. The chemical speciation of Cu and Zn in the ashes was independent of whether they were spiked in dissolved or nanoparticulate form and closely matched the speciation of Cu and Zn observed in ashes from fieldscale incinerators.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of Nanoscale and Ionic Cu and Zn during the Incineration of Digested Sewage Sludge (Biosolids)

Wielinski

Gogos

Voegelin

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Material cycles, recycling, and criticality data from 60 published studies were stored in YSTAFDB. These data were themselves produced through the collection, interpretation, and analysis of data from peer-reviewed journal papers 34 , government reports 35 , metal association and study group reports 36 , industry consultations, and other sources 28,37 . The sources of these data are defined as citations in YSTAFDB.…”

Section: Data Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

YSTAFDB, a unified database of material stocks and flows for sustainability science

2019

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We present the Yale Stocks and Flows Database (YSTAFDB), which comprises most of the material stocks and flows (STAF) data generated at the Center for Industrial Ecology at Yale University since the early 2000s. These data describe material cycles, criticality, and recycling in terms of 62 elements and various engineering materials, e.g., steel, on spatial scales and timeframes ranging from cities to global and the 1800s to ca. 2013. YSTAFDB integrates this diverse collection of STAF data, previously scattered across various non-uniformly formatted electronic files, into a single data structure and file format. Here, we discuss this data structure as well as the usage and formatting of data records in YSTAFDB. YSTAFDB contains 100,000+ data records that are all situated in their systems contexts, with additional metadata included as available. YSTAFDB offers a comprehensive basis upon which STAF data can be accumulated, integrated, and exchanged, and thereby improves their accessibility. Therefore, YSTAFDB facilitates deeper understanding of sustainable materials use and management, which are key goals of contemporary sustainability science.

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“…In some cases, strict environmental protection requirements even may prohibit production [e.g. closure of Mountain Pass (CA, USA) REE mining due to radionuclides] . Owing to less stringent and nonenforced regulations, certain countries or regions where raw materials stem from unregulated primary production and refining may gain a competitive advantage.…”

Section: Direct and Indirect Benefits Of Crm Recovery From Bauxite Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…closure of Mountain Pass (CA, USA) REE mining due to radionuclides]. 144 Owing to less stringent and nonenforced regulations, certain countries or regions where raw materials stem from unregulated primary production and refining may gain a competitive advantage. It is believed that approximately 15% of the LREE and 50% of the HREE produced in China in 2012 came from such unregulated production.…”

Section: Sustained Social and Technological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw) material recovery

Ujaczki

Feigl

Molnár

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

108

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Since the world economy has been confronted with an increasing risk of supply shortages of critical raw materials (CRMs), there has been a major interest in identifying alternative secondary sources of CRMs. Bauxite residues from alumina production are available at a multi‐million tonnes scale worldwide. So far, attempts have been made to find alternative re‐use applications for bauxite residues, for instance in cement / pig iron production. However, bauxite residues also constitute an untapped secondary source of CRMs. Depending on their geological origin and processing protocol, bauxite residues can contain considerable amounts of valuable elements. The obvious primary consideration for CRM recovery from such residues is the economic value of the materials contained. However, there are further benefits from re‐use of bauxite residues in general, and from CRM recovery in particular. These go beyond monetary values (e.g. reduced investment / operational costs resulting from savings in disposal). For instance, benefits for the environment and health can be achieved by abatement of tailing storage as well as by reduction of emissions from conventional primary mining. Whereas certain tools (e.g. life‐cycle analysis) can be used to quantify the latter, other benefits (in particular sustained social and technological development) are harder to quantify. This review evaluates strategies of bauxite residue re‐use / recycling and identifies associated benefits beyond elemental recovery. Furthermore, methodologies to translate risks and benefits into quantifiable data are discussed. Ultimately, such quantitative data are a prerequisite for facilitating decision‐making regarding bauxite residue re‐use / recycling and a stepping stone towards developing a zero‐waste alumina production process. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Urban mining as a contribution to the resource strategy of the Canton of Zurich

Cited by 48 publications

References 43 publications

Transformation of Nanoscale and Ionic Cu and Zn during the Incineration of Digested Sewage Sludge (Biosolids)

Transformation of Nanoscale and Ionic Cu and Zn during the Incineration of Digested Sewage Sludge (Biosolids)

YSTAFDB, a unified database of material stocks and flows for sustainability science

Re‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw) material recovery

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