Urban Planning

Abstract

This entry synthesizes the official story of the history and evolution of modern urban planning with an emphasis on the domain's representative milestones. It begins by addressing distinctive urban planning notions conceived primarily as urban design during the first half of the twentieth century, and then moves on to highlight different waves of procedural planning approaches and their respective critiques and reactions since the advent of the post‐World War II era to date. The entry mainly focuses on planning thought and practice as conceived in the Global North but also raises awareness about emerging planning theorizations stemming from Global South contexts. Altogether, each planning stage features ad hoc planning conceptions characterized by specific values, interests, preferences, beliefs, and ways of implementation. This chronological account is thereby indicative of the polysemous character of urban planning, a product of its continuous reorientations as regards its ever‐changing planning agendas, policies, and practices irrespective of geographical contexts and sociopolitical realities and transitions.

The Five Pillars of Urban Environmental Justice: A Framework for Building Equitable Cities

“…This isn't surprising as they typically make choices that impact economic growth and development, street and road design, transportation systems, land use regulations, zoning, etc. (Vicuna and Galland 2018). Drawing from Fujita's (2020) analysis of urban injustices, this could lead to "the unequal distribution of income and wealth, spatial housing segregation, uneven allocation of public goods and services, and unfair exercise of political rights, along the lines of class, race, ethnicity, and gender in the context of… metropolitan regions" (377).…”

“…These should be on the table during the process if equitable planning is a goal. Planning commission's primary roles often include acting as an advisory group to the municipal governing body concerning issues related to land use, community development, and other planning decisions (Vicuna et al 2018). They are tasked with developing and implementing plans that impact how their community changes over time.…”