Urban water systems: Development of micro-level indicators to support integrated policy

Jensen, Olivia; Khalis, Adilah

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228295

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Incorporating sustainability concepts into the scholar curricula is an obligation in drylands if we want to achieve SDGs 4, 6 and 13 (Morote et al 2022). It is also important that public administrations put in place systems to monitor water management, which implies the implementation of water consumption meters for urban and agricultural use and the establishment of indicators for the continuous evaluation of water expenditure (Bertule et al 2017;Jensen and Khalis 2020).…”

Section: Prevention: Education and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Policy Mixes are Needed to Cope with Agricultural Water Demands Under Climate Change

Martínez‐Valderrama

Cantos

Delacámara

et al. 2023

Water Resour Manage

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The divergence between agricultural water use and the annual supply of water resources (water gap) has been increasing for decades. The forecast is that this water gap will continue to widen, compromising the water security of a large share of the global population. On the one hand, the increase in demand is attributed to an ever-growing population that, in addition, is adopting a high-water consumption per capita lifestyle (e.g., meat-rich diet, increased use of biofuels and of irrigated agriculture). On the other hand, climate change is increasing aridification and the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of precipitation worldwide. The water gap is particularly acute in drylands, where development and food security has been based on the massive exploitation of water resources, particularly groundwater. Here we analyze the mechanisms underlying this water gap, which is mainly driven by water use in agriculture, and suggest suitable solutions that can help to close it. Using causal diagrams, we show how population generates different demands that create a water gap that prevailing supply-side solutions cannot close. Indeed, it has been widening over the years because water consumption has grown exponentially. This behaviour is explained by a series of mechanisms that it is necessary to understand to realize the complexity of water scarcity problems. For solving the water gap, we propose and exemplify eight lines of action that can be combined and tailored to each territory. Our analyses corroborate the urgent need to plan an integral management of water resources to avoid widespread scenarios of water scarcity under future climatic conditions.

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Section: Prevention: Education and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Policy Mixes are Needed to Cope with Agricultural Water Demands Under Climate Change

Martínez‐Valderrama

Cantos

Delacámara

et al. 2023

Water Resour Manage

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“…Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa 49% mengalami kekurangan gizi dan anak dengan IMT ibu kurang dari 18,5 kg berasal dari keluarga miskin (6). Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa wilayah tinggal, usia ibu, usia, dan jenis kelamin anak berhubungan dengan status gizi anak (9). Status gizi kurang dapat disebabkan beberapa faktor seperti pendidikan ibu, kondisi lingkungan seperti pengelolaan air minum, kondisi penyakit.…”

Section: Tabel 1 Distribusi Frekuensi Status Gizi Balita DI Puskesmasunclassified

Perbedaan Status Gizi Balita Berdasarkan Tahun Pengamatan di Posyandu Kecubung Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ngaglik II Sleman.

Marlinawati

Susanto

Suwarto³

2021

formil

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Latar Belakang: Gizi balita masih menjadi perhatian di berbagai belahan dunia. Penelitian sebelumnya 49,0% kekurangan gizi. Status gizi anak dipengaruhi oleh rumah tangga rawan pangan, pendapatan rumah tangga rendah, pengasuh buta huruf, pengangguran, asupan makanan tidak memadai, BBLR, konsumsi pola makan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan status gizi di posyandu berdasarkan tahun di puskesmas Ngemplak.Metode: Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan merupakan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian sebesar 585 balita yang menimbang di Posyandu Kecubung yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eklusi penelitian. Variabel independent yaitu status gizi dan Variabel dependent adalah tahun penimbagan. Pengumpulan data dengan survey dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder hasil penimbangan balita di Posyandu Kecubung. Analisis data dilakukan dengan chi square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.Hasil: Pada tahun 2018 terdapat 95.24% balita dengan status gizi tidak normal, pada tahun 2019 terdapat 92.03% balita dengan status gizi tidak normal, dan pada tahun 2020 terdapat 94.59% balita dengan status gizi tidak normal. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan status gizi antara tahaun 2018, 2019 dan tahun 2020 p = 0.322 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ngaglik.Kesimpulan : Tidak ada perbedaan status gizi balita di posyandu Kecubung Puskesmas Ngaglik II Sleman.

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“…Kavvada et al (2018) developed a heuristic approach to estimate the financial cost, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions associated with decentralized nonpotable water reuse as a function of scale of treatment and conveyance networks, to determine community-scale optimal degrees of decentralization. Jensen and Khalis (2020) developed a set of mesoscale performance indicators for local water systems to measure their water security levels and suggested their use to prioritize distributed water integration projects in areas with high water security risk, like Jakarta, Indonesia. Vitter et al (2018) developed an optimal model for the sizing and hourly dispatch of a community-scale direct potable water recycling facility to minimize overall community costs under utility service balance constraints.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoscale Modeling of Distributed Water Systems Enables Policy Search

Zhou

Dueñas‐Osorio

Doss‐Gollin

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

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It is widely acknowledged that distributed water systems (DWSs), which integrate distributed water supply and treatment with existing centralized infrastructure, can mitigate challenges to water security from extreme events, climate change, and aged infrastructure. However, it is unclear which are beneficial DWS configurations, i.e., where and at what scale to implement distributed water supply. We develop a mesoscale representation model that approximates DWSs with reduced backbone networks to enable efficient system emulation while preserving key physical realism. Moreover, system emulation allows us to build a multiobjective optimization model for computational policy search that addresses energy utilization and economic impacts. We demonstrate our models on a hypothetical DWS with distributed direct potable reuse (DPR) based on the City of Houston's water and wastewater infrastructure. The backbone DWS with greater than 92% $92\%$ link and node reductions achieves satisfactory approximation of global flows and water pressures, to enable configuration optimization analysis. Results from the optimization model reveal case‐specific as well as general opportunities, constraints, and their interactions for DPR allocation. Implementing DPR can be beneficial in areas with high energy intensities of water distribution, considerable local water demands, and commensurate wastewater reuse capacities. The mesoscale modeling approach and the multiobjective optimization model developed in this study can serve as practical decision‐support tools for stakeholders to search for alternative DWS options in urban settings.

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Urban water systems: Development of micro-level indicators to support integrated policy

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Complex Policy Mixes are Needed to Cope with Agricultural Water Demands Under Climate Change

Complex Policy Mixes are Needed to Cope with Agricultural Water Demands Under Climate Change

Perbedaan Status Gizi Balita Berdasarkan Tahun Pengamatan di Posyandu Kecubung Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ngaglik II Sleman.

Mesoscale Modeling of Distributed Water Systems Enables Policy Search

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