Urea impedimetric biosensor based on reactive RF magnetron sputtered zinc oxide nanoporous transducer

Optical biosensors based on ZnO nanostructures: advantages and perspectives. A review

“…Mostly nanorods (NRs) [36,38,40,43,45,47,48,53,56,74,82,86] and nanowires (NWs) [29,33,42,46,49,75,77,94] were used as a biosensor platform. Nanoparticles (NPs) [35,37,50,83,84,97,98], quantum dots [34,44], other low-dimentional structures [30,32,39,52,70,71,76,79,80,81,85,89,93,95,99] and thin films [31,51,72,73] were also applied. [57], b) SEM images of ZnO nanowires grown on sapphire (0001) substrate 2 …”

“…Nowadays, the most developed and used biosensor platforms are electrical [29,32,33,37,42,46,47,56,87] and electrochemical [16,30,31,38,39,55,88,90,[92][93][94]. Electrical in particular are based on their Field Effect Transistor (FET) platforms demonstrate high level of detection but require additional input of lithography and nanotechnology, what makes these devices more complex and expensive.…”

Disposable urea biosensor based on nanoporous ZnO film fabricated from omissible polymeric substrate

“…containing 0.2 mg mL -1 of Urs (100 units of Urs) for 3 h at ambient temperature [41]. The FTO/ZnO/Urs was then washed and kept in PBS until use.…”

“…For this measurement, a cell was made, which consisted of gold wire (Φ 0.3 mm, 5 cm length) as an electrode and FTO/ZnO/Urs as another electrode. Potential range from 0.0 to 1.0 V was applied to the cell and the corresponding dc current was measured [41]. The ratio of the voltage to current was used as a measure of enzyme activity [42,43].…”

An investigation on the effect of electrodeposited nanostructured ZnO on the electron transfer process efficiency of TiO2 based DSSC

“…Although the above mentioned methods represented the proper results, some of their disadvantages such as time consuming and difficulties have attracted more attention to find the more convenient and feasible deposition methods. Therefore, in our group, electrochemical deposition by taking many advantages as a reliable, cost-effective, convenient and mild physicochemical method has been considered as an important issue for preparation of ZnO nanostructured hybrid films [15,16]. The other often cited advantages of electrodeposition include; high deposition speed, no need for vacuum system, no use of toxic gases, easy scale up and maintenance, the commercial feasibility of the process, tuning the process parameters, and controlling bath conditions (pH, precursor concentration, temperature, solvent, deposition potentials and times) [17][18][19][20][21], which can make it applicable method for modification of solar cell photoanodes.…”