Urinary abnormalities in children with sickle cell anaemia

Ugwu, RO; Eke, F U

doi:10.4314/phmedj.v2i1.38892

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…However, there appears to be dearth of data on the prevalence of enuresis among affected children in the south-eastern part of Nigeria. Furthermore, abnormalities of urinalysis such as proteinuria, leucocyturia and haematuria have also been noted in other studies conducted in South-eastern part of the country [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Nocturnal enuresis: prevalence and risk factors among school-aged children with sickle-cell anaemia in a South-east Nigerian city

et al. 2015

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BackgroundSickle-cell anaemia (SCA) is the most common inherited haemoglobinopathy affecting the Negroid race. Renal complications such as enuresis can occur during childhood. Reports show that children and adolescents with SCA may be at a higher risk of nocturnal enuresis than their counterparts with normal haemoglobin genotype.AimsThe study aims to determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and possible risk factors among school-aged children with SCA in a South-east Nigerian city.MethodsA hospital-based and cross-sectional descriptive study of 70 school-aged children with SCA who met the study criteria, and 70 age- and sex-matched controls with normal haemoglobin genotype was conducted in the Paediatric Sickle-cell Anaemia Clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu. Data was subjected to multivariate analysis using logistic regression model with nocturnal enuresis as the dependent variable and the possible risk factors as the independent variables.ResultsThe prevalence of nocturnal enuresis among the Subjects and the Controls was 31.4 and 21.4 % respectively (p = 0.180). It was significantly higher among male Subjects (48.7 %) than among male Controls (23.1 %) [OR (95 % CI) =8.14 (2.12–31.24), p < 0.001]; and among Subjects whose parents had a childhood history of enuresis [OR (95 %) =10.39 (2.45–44.05), p = 0.002]. The difference in the prevalence of enuresis in the female cohort was however not significant.ConclusionsChildren with SCA have a tendency to develop nocturnal enuresis when compared to their non-affected counterparts. Male gender and parental childhood history of nocturnal enuresis are potential socio-demographic risk factors.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Nocturnal enuresis: prevalence and risk factors among school-aged children with sickle-cell anaemia in a South-east Nigerian city

et al. 2015

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“…Urinalysis was done by the researcher with Multistix 10SG dipstick (Made in Germany) for testing ten different parameters: protein, blood, specific gravity, pH, nitrite, leucocyte esterase, glucose, urobilinogen, bilirubin, and ketone. Significant proteinuria or haematuria was taken as proteinuria or haematuria of ≥2 + on dipstick, respectively [13].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sickle Cell Nephropathy and Associated Factors among Asymptomatic Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia

Nnaji

Ogoke²,

Okafor

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pediatrics

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Background. Sickle cell nephropathy (SCN) is a serious complication of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) with asymptomatic onset in childhood and possible progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In Southeast Nigeria, few studies have evaluated renal function in paediatric SCA patients for early detection of renal impairment and early intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study evaluated the renal function of paediatric SCA patients in a steady state based on glomerular filtration rate and urinalysis findings (proteinuria and haematuria). Methods. A cross-sectional study of consecutively recruited sixty haemoglobin SS (HbSS) children in a steady state and sixty age- and sex-matched haemoglobin AA (HbAA) controls aged 2–18 years was done. Renal function of HbSS subjects was evaluated using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) which was compared with healthy HbAA subjects. The prevalence of significant proteinuria and haematuria, its association with eGFR, and the effect of past sickle cell crisis (in the preceding 24 months) on renal function were also evaluated. Results. Mean eGFR was significantly higher in HbSS subjects than in the HbAA subjects (p=0.001) and decreased with age. Significant proteinuria and haematuria were more prevalent in the HbSS group (3.4% and 6.7%, respectively) compared to the HbAA subjects (0% and 0%, respectively) (p=0.496 and 0.119, respectively). No significant association was observed between eGFR and proteinuria (p=1.000) or haematuria (p=1.000). There was a positive correlation between eGFR and frequency of past painful crisis that required hospitalization (r=0.138, p=0.295) and between eGFR and frequency of blood transfusion (r=0.679, p≤0.001). Conclusions. Asymptomatic paediatric HbSS (SCA) patients had higher mean eGFR indicating an increased risk of nephropathy. There was no association between eGFR and proteinuria or haematuria. Frequent sickle cell crises especially one requiring transfusion were positively correlated with hyperfiltration.

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“…The authors concluded that polydipsia and polyuria may be caused by a lack of vitamin D [150]. Nocturnal polyuria had been reported in normal children [152,153] and children with SCA who had NE and was considered a pathogenic factor [18,41,51,52]. In …”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum urinary concentration declines with age in SCA and SCT [39]. Subsequent studies, using urine specific gravity or urine osmolality, demonstrated hyposthenuria in SCA and SCT as well [40][41][42].…”

Section: Enuresis In Sca: the Postulated Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocturnal Enuresis in Children and Adolescent with Sickle cell Anemia

Ahmed¹

2017

Med Surg Urol

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Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) have a tendency to have nocturnal enuresis (NE) more than normal children with males being more affected than females. Mechanisms of NE that operate in normal children probably do so in children with SCA. Postulated causes of nocturnal enuresis in individuals with SCA include hyposthenuria causing nocturnal polyuria, reduced bladder capacity or nocturnal bladder overactivity, sleep disordered breathing and an increased arousal thresholds. The variation in the reported prevalence rate of NE in SCA is probably due to differences in definition criteria and methodology. This review will discuss the prevalence rate and postulated causes of NE in children with SCA.

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Urinary abnormalities in children with sickle cell anaemia

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Nocturnal enuresis: prevalence and risk factors among school-aged children with sickle-cell anaemia in a South-east Nigerian city

Nocturnal enuresis: prevalence and risk factors among school-aged children with sickle-cell anaemia in a South-east Nigerian city

Sickle Cell Nephropathy and Associated Factors among Asymptomatic Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia

Nocturnal Enuresis in Children and Adolescent with Sickle cell Anemia

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