Urinary schistosomiasis and malaria associated anemia in Ethiopia

Deribew, Ketema; Tekeste, Zinaye; Petros, Beyene

doi:10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60068-4

Cited by 46 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Several studies including Casmo et al [28] and Deribew et al [29] have establish an association between the intensity of Schistosoma egg count and Hb concentration in similar studies. The study by Deribew et al in Ethiopia for example, found a significantly negative correlation between egg count/intensity and haemoglobin concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Childhood Activities and Schistosomiasis Infection in the Kassena-Nankana District of Northern Ghana

Anto

Asoala²,

Adjuik³

et al. 2014

J Infect Dis Ther

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Schistosomiasis is a common cause of morbidity especially among rural children in less developed countries. The extent and distribution of schistosomiasis infection among school-age children was assessed and the association between some childhood activities and prevalence of infection was determined in northern Ghana. A cross-sectional study was conducted during which stool and urine samples were collected from children 6-15 years. Samples were analysed using the Kato-Katz technique and the 10 ml urine filtration methods respectively. Data on water contact activities were also collected. The level of infection was compared in relation to location and water contact activities. A total of 1,764 children participated in the study. Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection was 18.9%. The highest level of infection (33.1%) was found among children resident in the southern part of the district, the lowest among those in the eastern (3.6%) and northern (3.8%) parts. S. mansoni infection was 10.9%. The highest level of S. mansoni infection (54.2%) was found among children resident in the central part of the district. The overall prevalence of infection (S. haematobium+S. mansoni) was moderate (27.1%). More males (32.5%) than females (20.2%) were infected (χ 2 =32.8, P<0.0001). Children aged 9-12 years had the highest prevalence of infection (31.8%; 95% CI: 28.4-35.5) with the lowest among those aged 6-8 years (23.9%; 95% CI: 20.2-28.0). Swimming in the canals (χ 2 =404.4, P<0.0001) and working on tomato farms (χ 2 =37.7, P<0.0001) were risk factors for infection. Herding cattle appeared to have protected the children from infection (χ 2 =34.8, P=0.0001). Schistosomiasis is prevalent throughout the district with children resident in the central and southern parts of the district being more at risk of infection. There is the need to put in place an integrated and effective schistosomiasis control programme.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Childhood Activities and Schistosomiasis Infection in the Kassena-Nankana District of Northern Ghana

Anto

Asoala²,

Adjuik³

et al. 2014

J Infect Dis Ther

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“…falciparum infection (Fig 2). A cross-sectional study in Ethiopia [31] and a prospective cohort study in Mali [36] showed increased odds of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P . falciparum infection among children infected with S .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…haematobium than those uninfected with S . haematobium (summary OR: 1.68; 95%CI: 1.18, 2.41; I 2 : 53.2%) [31,32, 34–36, 38]. However, longitudinal studies in Mali showed similar risk of uncomplicated P .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmodium falciparum Infection Status among Children with Schistosoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Degarege

Veledar

et al. 2016

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundIt has been suggested that Schistosoma infection may be associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection or related reduction in haemoglobin level, but the nature of this interaction remains unclear. This systematic review synthesized evidence on the relationship of S. haematobium or S. mansoni infection with the occurrence of P. falciparum malaria, Plasmodium density and related reduction in haemoglobin level among children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Methodology/Principal findingsA systematic review in according with PRISMA guidelines was conducted. All published articles available in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and CINAHL databases before May 20, 2015 were searched without any limits. Two reviewers independently screened, reviewed and assessed all the studies. Cochrane Q and Moran’s I2 were used to assess heterogeneity and the Egger test was used to examine publication bias. The summary odds ratio (OR), summary regression co-efficient (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a random-effects model. Out of 2,920 citations screened, 12 articles (five cross-sectional, seven prospective cohort) were eligible to be included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis. The 12 studies involved 9,337 children in eight SSA countries. Eight studies compared the odds of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection, two studies compared the incidence of uncomplicated P. falciparum infection, six studies compared P. falciparum density and four studies compared mean haemoglobin level between children infected and uninfected with S. haematobium or S. mansoni. Summary estimates of the eight studies based on 6,018 children showed a higher odds of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection in children infected with S. mansoni or S. haematobium compared to those uninfected with Schistosoma (summary OR: 1.82; 95%CI: 1.41, 2.35; I2: 52.3%). The increase in odds of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection among children infected with Schistosoma remained significant when subgroup analysis was conducted for S. haematobium (summary OR: 1.68; 95%CI: 1.18, 2.41; I2: 53.2%) and S. mansoni (summary OR: 2.15; 95%CI: 1.89, 2.46: I2: 0.0%) infection. However, the density of P. falciparum infection was lower in children co-infected with S. haematobium compared to those uninfected with Schistosoma (summary-β: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.24, -0.01; I2: 39.7%). The mean haemoglobin level was higher among children co-infected with S. haematobium and P. falciparum than those infected with only P. falciparum (summary-mean haemoglobin difference: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.95; I2: 66.4%)Conclusions/SignificanceThe current review suggests S. mansoni or S. haematobium co-infection may be associated with increased prevalence of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection in children, but may protect against high density P. falciparum infection and related reduction in haemoglobin level.

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“…Schistosomiasis is a major parasitic disease of the tropics, causing acute and long-term clinical syndromes (1) (2) . Among schistosomicidal drugs, praziquantel is the drug of choice in most areas of endemicity owing to its superior effi cacy (3) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antischistosomal activity of venom from the Egyptian snake Cerastes cerastes

Hassan

Abdel-Rahman

Ibrahim

et al. 2016

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:We studied the potential in vitro antischistosomal activity of Cerastes cerastes venom on adult Schistosoma mansoni worms. Methods: Live specimens of the horned viper snake, C. cerastes were collected from the Aswan Governorate (Egypt). Venom was collected from snakes by manual milking. Worms of S. mansoni were obtained from infected hamsters by perfusion and isolated from blood using phosphate buffer. Mortality rates of worms were monitored after 3 days of exposure to snake venom at LC 50 and various sublethal concentrations (10, 5, 2.5µg/ml). Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate tegumental changes in treated worms after exposure to LC 50 doses of venom. Results: The LC 50 of C. cerastes venom was 21.5µg/ml. The effect of C. cerastes venom on Schistosoma worms varied according to their sex. The mortality rate of male and female worms after 48-h exposure was 83.3% and 50% , respectively. LC 50 of C. cerastes venom induced mild to severe tegumental damage in Schistosoma worms in the form of destruction of the oral sucker, shrinkage and erosion of the tegument, and loss of some tubercle spines. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that C. cerastes venom exerts potential in vitro antischistosomal activity in a time and dose-dependent manner. These results may warrant further investigations to develop novel schistosomicidal agents from C. cerastes snake venom.

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Urinary schistosomiasis and malaria associated anemia in Ethiopia

Cited by 46 publications

References 17 publications

Childhood Activities and Schistosomiasis Infection in the Kassena-Nankana District of Northern Ghana

Childhood Activities and Schistosomiasis Infection in the Kassena-Nankana District of Northern Ghana

Plasmodium falciparum Infection Status among Children with Schistosoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

In vitro antischistosomal activity of venom from the Egyptian snake Cerastes cerastes

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