Urinary tract infection with Corynebacterium aurimucosum after urethroplasty stricture of the urethra: a case report

Lo, Seynabou; Thiam, Issa; Fall, B.; Ba-Diallo, Awa; Diallo, Oumarou Foly; Diagne, Rokhaya; Dia, Mamadou Lamine; Ka, R.; Sarr, Aicha Marceline; Sow, A.I.

doi:10.1186/s13256-015-0638-0

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…C. aurimucosum causes bacteremia and is associated with spontaneous abortions (2). It can also be isolated from urogenital sites, but only case reports have identified it as a urinary tract pathogen (24). In this study, we identified 3 of 14 clinically significant C. aurimucosum isolates in urine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Clinical Significance of Commensal Gram-Positive Rods Routinely Isolated from Patient Samples

2016

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Commensal bacteria from the skin and mucosal surfaces are routinely isolated from patient samples and considered contaminants. The majority of these isolates are catalase-positive Gram-positive rods from multiple genera routinely classified as diphtheroids. These organisms can be seen upon Gram staining of clinical specimens or can be isolated as the predominant or pure species in culture, raising a priori suspicion of a possible involvement in infection. With the development and adoption of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), suspicious isolates are now routinely identified to the species level. In this study, we performed a retrospective data review (2012 to 2015) and utilized site-specific laboratory criteria and chart reviews to identify species within the diphtheroid classification representative of true infection versus contamination. Our data set included 762 isolates from 13 genera constituting 41 bacterial species. Only 18% represented true infection, and 82% were deemed contaminants. Clinically significant isolates were identified in anaerobic wounds (18%), aerobic wounds (30%), blood (5.5%), urine (22%), cerebrospinal fluid (24%), ophthalmologic cultures (8%), and sterile sites (20%). Organisms deemed clinically significant included multiple Actinomyces species in wounds, Propionibacterium species in joints and cerebrospinal fluid associated with central nervous system hardware, Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii (100%) in breast, and Corynebacterium striatum in multiple sites. Novel findings include clinically significant urinary tract infections by Actinomyces neuii (21%) and Corynebacterium aurimucosum (21%). Taken together, these findings indicate that species-level identification of diphtheroids isolated with a priori suspicion of infection is essential to accurately determine whether an isolate belongs to a species associated with specific types of infection. C linical microbiology specimens frequently grow variable levels of commensal bacteria from the skin and mucosal surfaces in addition to true pathogens (1). The majority of these isolates are aerobic, asporogenic, irregularly shaped, non-partially-acid-fast, catalase-positive, Gram-positive rods from multiple genera with nondistinct colony morphology, routinely classified as diphtheroids (2). The term diphtheroid and coryneform are interchangeable, and for a comprehensive review of bacterial genera classified as coryneform bacteria, see two excellent reviews by Bernard et al. (2,3). In brief, the medically relevant genera whose morphological and biochemical descriptions fit in the diphtheroid classification include Arcanobacterium, Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Cellulomonas, Cellulosimicrobium, Corynebacterium (non-diphtheriae), Curtobacterium, Dermabacter, Exiguobacterium, Helcobacillus, Janibacter, Knoellia, Leifsonia, Microbacterium, Pseudoclavibacter, and Trueperella (2-4).Additionally, certain species within other genera share some but not all features of diphtheroids, are part of t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Clinical Significance of Commensal Gram-Positive Rods Routinely Isolated from Patient Samples

2016

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“…Both of these factors are critical in determining whether the presence of a microorganism poses a risk to human health. Health-relevant microorganisms detected in PMA-treated ISS samples included a number of Corynebacterium species known to cause opportunistic and urinary tract infections, including C. aurimucosum , C. pseudogenitalium , and C. urealyticum [ 45 – 47 ]. Opportunistic Aspergillus species were also identified, although at much lower abundance levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station

Avila-Herrera

Allen

et al. 2017

Microbiome

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BackgroundThe built environment of the International Space Station (ISS) is a highly specialized space in terms of both physical characteristics and habitation requirements. It is unique with respect to conditions of microgravity, exposure to space radiation, and increased carbon dioxide concentrations. Additionally, astronauts inhabit a large proportion of this environment. The microbial composition of ISS particulates has been reported; however, its functional genomics, which are pertinent due to potential impact of its constituents on human health and operational mission success, are not yet characterized.MethodsThis study examined the whole metagenome of ISS microbes at both species- and gene-level resolution. Air filter and dust samples from the ISS were analyzed and compared to samples collected in a terrestrial cleanroom environment. Furthermore, metagenome mining was carried out to characterize dominant, virulent, and novel microorganisms. The whole genome sequences of select cultivable strains isolated from these samples were extracted from the metagenome and compared.ResultsSpecies-level composition in the ISS was found to be largely dominated by Corynebacterium ihumii GD7, with overall microbial diversity being lower in the ISS relative to the cleanroom samples. When examining detection of microbial genes relevant to human health such as antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, it was found that a larger number of relevant gene categories were observed in the ISS relative to the cleanroom. Strain-level cross-sample comparisons were made for Corynebacterium, Bacillus, and Aspergillus showing possible distinctions in the dominant strain between samples.ConclusionSpecies-level analyses demonstrated distinct differences between the ISS and cleanroom samples, indicating that the cleanroom population is not necessarily reflective of space habitation environments. The overall population of viable microorganisms and the functional diversity inherent to this unique closed environment are of critical interest with respect to future space habitation. Observations and studies such as these will be important to evaluating the conditions required for long-term health of human occupants in such environments.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0292-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…It should be noticed, however, that metagenomics analysis of leukemia patients showed bacterial reads for P. acnes , Staphylococcus spp., and C orynebacterium spp . and that C. aurimucosum was identified in a patient with a urinary tract infection and C. metallidurans in a patient suffering from nosocomial septicemia …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Metagenomics analysis of red blood cell and fresh‐frozen plasma units

Lau

Cordey²,

Brito

et al. 2017

Transfusion

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Urinary tract infection with Corynebacterium aurimucosum after urethroplasty stricture of the urethra: a case report

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Clinical Significance of Commensal Gram-Positive Rods Routinely Isolated from Patient Samples

Clinical Significance of Commensal Gram-Positive Rods Routinely Isolated from Patient Samples

Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station

Metagenomics analysis of red blood cell and fresh‐frozen plasma units

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