Urolithin A causes p21 up-regulation in prostate cancer cells

Sánchez-González, Claudia; Ciudad, Carlos J.; Izquierdo-Pulido, Marı́a; Noé, Verónique

doi:10.1007/s00394-015-0924-z

Cited by 51 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Upon validation, a significant increase in anti-proliferative p21 mRNA and protein levels was observed. In addition, increased activity of the apoptotic enzymes, caspases 3 and 7 was seen (Sánchez-González et al, 2015). Other authors have also observed anti-apoptotic effects in other prostate cancer cells such as PC3 and DU 145, which are androgen independent, demonstrating that walnut polyphenols negatively affect prostate cancer cell viability via different mechanisms (Vicinanza et al, 2013).…”

Section: Prostatementioning

confidence: 82%

“…Polyphenols have also been shown to act on multiple targets in pathways not only related to cellular proliferation and death (Fini et al, 2008), but also in inflammation (Kang et al, 2011), angiogenesis (Granci et al, 2010), and drug and radiation resistance (Garg et al, 2005). In particular, the effect walnut polyphenols have on cancer prevention has been studied widely, showing promising results (Spaccarotella et al, 2008;Reiter et al, 2013;Hardman, 2014;Sánchez-González et al, 2015). …”

Section: Metabolites Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health benefits of walnut polyphenols: An exploration beyond their lipid profile

Sánchez-González

Ciudad

Noé

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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125

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Walnuts are commonly found in our diet and have been recognized for their nutritious properties for a long time. Traditionally, walnuts have been known for their lipid profile which has been linked to a wide array of biological properties and health-promoting effects. In addition to essential fatty acids, walnuts contain a variety of other bioactive compounds such as, vitamin E and polyphenols. Among common foods and beverages, walnuts represent one of the most important sources of polyphenols, hence, their effect over human health warrants attention. The main polyphenol in walnuts is pedunculagin, an ellagitannin. After consumption, ellagitannins are hydrolyzed to release ellagic acid, which is converted by gut microflora to urolithin A and

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Section: Prostatementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Metabolites Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Health benefits of walnut polyphenols: An exploration beyond their lipid profile

Sánchez-González

Ciudad

Noé

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

Self Cite

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Also, signaling molecules (Wnt/␤-catenin, EGFR) and key regulators of cell proliferation (p53, cMYC), cell cycle (cyclins), and apoptosis (caspases) are modified by urolithins in the cancer-responsive cells. Of interest, the induction of p21 has been confirmed in various colon and prostate cancer models, supporting this as a common mechanism of action underlying the ability of urolithins to blockage cell cycle and to inhibit cell proliferation [77,79,80]. To date, there are no animal studies specifically reporting the capacity of urolithins to moderate cancer development.…”

Section: Anticancer Effectsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Urolithins, the rescue of “old” metabolites to understand a “new” concept: Metabotypes as a nexus among phenolic metabolism, microbiota dysbiosis, and host health status

Tomás-Barberán

González‐Sarrías

Garcı́a-Villalba

et al. 2016

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

360

384

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Urolithins are dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one derivatives that are produced by the human gut microbiota from ellagitannins and ellagic acid (EA). These metabolites are much better absorbed than their precursors and have been suggested to be responsible for the health effects attributed to ellagitannins and EA that occur in food products as berries and nuts. In the present review, the role and potential of urolithins in human health are critically reviewed, and a perspective of the research approach needed to demonstrate these health effects is presented, based on the existing knowledge. The analytical methods available for urolithin analysis, their occurrence in different tissues and biological fluids, and their metabolism by human gut microbiota are considered. In addition, the interindividual variability observed for the production of urolithins (metabotypes) and its relationship with health status and dysbiosis are also reviewed. The potential mechanisms of action of urolithins are also critically discussed, paying attention to the concentration and the type of metabolites used in the in vitro and in vivo assays and the physiological significance of the results obtained. The gut microbiota metabolism of EA to urolithins and that of daidzein to equol, their individual variations, and the effects on health are also compared.

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“…They appear to act synergistically [33]. This supplement also increased the median lifespan of male mice [34]. However, one should be careful in controlling the doses of compounds and/or supplements that activate the Nrf2/ARE system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Nrf2/ARE Antioxidant System in Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2016

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It is widely believed that consuming foods and beverages that have high concentrations of antioxidants can prevent cardiovascular diseases and many types of cancer. As a result, many articles have been published that give the total antioxidant capacities of foods in vitro. However, many antioxidants behave quite differently in vivo. Some of them, such as resveratrol (in red wine) and epigallocatechin gallate or EGCG (in green tea) can activate the nuclear erythroid-2 like factor-2 (Nrf2) transcription factor. It is a master regulator of endogenous cellular defense mechanisms. Nrf2 controls the expression of many antioxidant and detoxification genes, by binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) that are commonly found in the promoter region of antioxidant (and other) genes, and that control expression of those genes. The mechanisms by which Nrf2 relieves oxidative stress and limits cardiac injury as well as the progression to heart failure are described. Also, the ability of statins to induce Nrf2 in the heart, brain, lung, and liver is mentioned. However, there is a negative side of Nrf2. When over-activated, it can cause (not prevent) cardiovascular diseases and multi-drug resistance cancer.

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Urolithin A causes p21 up-regulation in prostate cancer cells

Abstract: Our results indicate a potential role of UA as a chemopreventive agent for prostate cancer.

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

Health benefits of walnut polyphenols: An exploration beyond their lipid profile

Health benefits of walnut polyphenols: An exploration beyond their lipid profile

Urolithins, the rescue of “old” metabolites to understand a “new” concept: Metabotypes as a nexus among phenolic metabolism, microbiota dysbiosis, and host health status

The Role of the Nrf2/ARE Antioxidant System in Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases

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