Uroperitoneum beim Fohlen – eine Literaturübersicht

Bernick, André; Nieth, Jennifer; Wehrend, Axel

doi:10.1055/a-1345-7148

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This was the gold standard. The ratio of peritoneal fluid creatinine to serum creatinine is described as a good additional method for verifying the diagnosis (Adams et al, 1988;Bernick et al, 2021;Kablack et al, 2000;Richardson & Kohn, 1983). It A rapid diagnosis is important for prognosis of survival because uroperitoneum is a life-threatening emergency that needs prompt treatment (Adams et al, 1988;Bernick et al, 2021;Hardy, 1998;Hopster & Hopster-Iversen, 2012;Knottenbelt et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transabdominal sonography has proved to be the most important imaging method for diagnosing the disease (Behn & Bostedt, 2000; Kablack et al., 2000). The diagnosis can be confirmed by performing abdominocentesis, by undergoing laparotomy (Bernick et al., 2021; Hardy, 1998) or by using the creatinine ratio of peritoneal fluid to serum of at least 2:1 (Adams et al., 1988; Bernick et al., 2021; Kablack et al., 2000; Richardson & Kohn, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasound findings in 34 newborn foals with uroperitoneum

Bernick,

Demattio,

Wehrend

2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundUroperitoneum is a typical disease of the newborn foal, which occurs rarely but regularly. Ultrasonography is considered the most important imaging method for diagnosing this disease. Thus far, only one older case series comprising 31 foals suffering from uroperitoneum has systematically listed results of ultrasound examinations.ObjectiveThis paper presents the findings of an ultrasonographic examination of 34 foals with uroperitoneum in order to inform future interpretation of ultrasonographic data in suspected uroperitoneum cases.MethodUltrasonographic data of 34 neonatal foals up to the age of 14 days diagnosed with uroperitoneum between 2006 and 2022 were analysed.ResultsMost foals demonstrated highly increased levels of free (97%), anechogenic (91%) fluid in the abdomen. Although the urinary bladder was frequently visible (50%), bladder wall discontinuity was only occasionally detectable (18%).ConclusionTransabdominal ultrasonography has proved to be a very reliable imaging method for diagnosing suspected uroperitoneum. It is recommended that it be used in every case of suspected uroperitoneum in order to exclude differential diagnoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound findings in 34 newborn foals with uroperitoneum

Bernick,

Demattio,

Wehrend

2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…The reason for this sex difference has been attributed to the longer male urethra ( Hackett, 1984 ). This condition is most frequently seen in the first week of life, whereby morbidity range can vary from 1 to 60 days after birth ( Bernick et al , 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bladder atony, renal failure, intestinal adhesions, peritonitis, and pleural effusion are less frequently reported sequelae ( Ford et al , 2022 ). Mortality is higher in the immediate perioperative period, especially for hyperkalemia and respiratory distress ( Bernick et al , 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uroperitoneum is defined as urine collection into the peritoneal space secondary to a congenital or acquired leakage from any portion of the urinary tract ( Axton et al , 2015 ; Bernick et al 2021 ). In foals, this most commonly results from tearing of the cranial aspect of the dorsal bladder wall ( Schott and Woodie, 2019a ; DeNotta, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of uroperitoneum through combination of conservative and surgical treatments in two colts

Montano,

Forni,

Lanci

et al. 2023

Open Vet J

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Background: Ruptures of the urinary bladder and urachus are the most frequent cause of uroperitoneum in foals. Surgical correction is often the first treatment choice, however nonsurgical methods, such as urine removal via urinary catheters and abdominal drains, have been successfully performed in foals. Case Description: Two foals were referred to the Equine Perinatology Unit for suspicion of uroperitoneum. Diagnosis was confirmed by hematobiochemical and ultrasound examinations, thus cystorrhaphy and cystoplasty were attempted. Surgeons found a lesion in the dorsocranial margin of the bladder (Case 1) and a tear in the pelvic urethra (Case 2); in the first case the defect was routinely repaired, while the last lesion was impossible to repair due to its localization. A urinary catheter was left in place in both cases. Uroperitoneum recurred 72 hours after the surgery in both foals: a second surgical correction was not recommended due to the localization of the tears and conservative treatment, with the placement of a 32F chest tube in the most ventral part of the abdomen, was preferred. Abdominal drains were removed 5-7 days after surgery, while urinary catheters were left in place for up to 7-8 days. Colts’ conditions improved during hospitalizations. Two months after bladder surgery, Case 1 was euthanized due to multiple adhesions between the small intestine and the abdominal wall. Case 2 was still alive one year post-operatively. Conclusion: Although it cannot be considered the first choice for treatment of uroperitoneum in the foal, nonsurgical treatment was successful in both cases in the short-term follow-up. However, the prognosis should be cautious due to the risk of long-term complications. Conservative management may be used to manage bladder/urethral tears that cannot be solved by surgery.

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Uroperitoneum beim neugeborenen Fohlen

Bernick,

Wehrend

2024

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere

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Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel Das Uroperitoneum ist eine typische Erkrankung des neugeborenen Fohlens, die selten, aber regelmäßig auftritt. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, die klinische Symptomatik, labordiagnostische Befunde und die Prognose bei betroffenen Fohlen darzustellen. Material und Methoden Es wurden retrospektiv die Daten von 33 Fohlen mit der Erkrankung Uroperitoneum im Zeitraum von 2006 bis Ende Juni 2018 ausgewertet. Ergebnisse Das Uroperitoneum trat mit einer Häufigkeit von 2,3% bezogen auf alle vorgestellten Fohlen bis zum 14. Lebenstag im Untersuchungszeitraum auf. Es waren signifikant mehr Hengst- (78,8%) als Stutfohlen (21,2%) betroffen (p=0,012). Typische Symptome waren ein gestörtes Allgemeinbefinden (79,3%), Tachypnoe (74,1%), Tachykardie (71,4%), ein prall gefülltes Abdomen (79,2%), eine stark aufgetrommelte (60%) bzw. gespannte (32%) Bauchdecke und Tenesmus vesicae (46,7%). Das Durchschnittsalter zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose lag bei 4,3±3,4 Tagen (Median: 3 Tage, Spannweite:<1 bis 14 Tage). Es wurden 26 Fohlen operiert, von denen 16 (61,5%) gesund entlassen werden konnten. Häufige labordiagnostische Befunde im venösen Blut zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose sind eine Hypochloridämie (91,2%), eine erhöhte Kreatininkonzentration (77,8%), Hyperkaliämie (74,2%) und Hyponatriämie (71%). Bei 6 Fohlen entwickelte sich ein Rezidiv des Uroperitoneums. Fünf Fohlen wurden erneut operiert, 4 erfolgreich.Es konnten 12 entlassene Fohlen mindestens 6 Monate nach der Operation verfolgt werden (6 Monate bis 9 Jahre). 91,7% der Fohlen waren zu diesem Zeitpunkt am Leben und keines der Tiere entwickelte eine Gesundheitsstörung, die auf die Operation am Harntrakt zurückzuführen ist. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die kurzfristige Prognose des Uroperitoneums ist gut, wenn die Erkrankung frühzeitig erkannt und therapiert wird und keine bzw. wenige Begleiterkrankungen vorliegen. Zur rechtzeitigen Erkennung eines Rezidivs sollte die Integrität der Blase postoperativ wiederholt sonografisch überprüft werden. Die weitere langfristige Prognose ist sehr gut.

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Uroperitoneum beim Fohlen – eine Literaturübersicht

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Ultrasound findings in 34 newborn foals with uroperitoneum

Ultrasound findings in 34 newborn foals with uroperitoneum

Management of uroperitoneum through combination of conservative and surgical treatments in two colts

Uroperitoneum beim neugeborenen Fohlen

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