Uroradiological screening for upper and lower urinary tract anomalies in patients with hypospadias: a systematic literature review

Abstract

The data published about screening patients with hypospadias for associated anomalies of their urinary tract are of poor quality. The clinical significance of the anomalies found is difficult to evaluate. We found no relationship between the severity of the hypospadias and associated anomalies of the upper or lower urinary tract.

Ultrasound scans in hypospadias: a cost-efficient request?

“…Mild vesico-ureteric reflux is not uncommon, but very unlikely to translate into a clinical problem [2]. Prostatic utricles are remnants of the Mullerian ducts that may be found in severe hypospadias-but again most are asymptomatic [3].…”