Usability of maleic anhydride as wood modification agent for the production of medium density fibreboards (MDF)

Evaluation of Wood Surface Modification Using Hot Melting Plastic Droplets for Contact Angle Measurements

“…Furthermore, surface interactions and forms of final chemical reactions between wood and chemical substance are of more importance than the natural ability of substance to increase hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of wood surface. There are some new evidences showing that MA treatment does not hydrophobize wood fibers but it increases the gluing ability of wood in reaction to other chemicals [11].…”

Low-Cost and Formaldehyde-Free Wood Adhesive Based on Water-Soluble Olefin-Maleamic Acid Copolymers

“…The first step is the formation of a five-membered cyclic anhydride from carboxyl groups and the second step is the esterification of anhydride with a hydroxyl group . Accordingly, anhydride compounds can directly undergo the cross-linking reaction with cellulosic biomass . Also, maleic anhydride copolymers have been frequently employed to improve the adhesion property of wood veneer/plastic composite materials. , Nevertheless, maleic anhydride copolymers are not water-soluble and must be dissolved into organic solvents to facilitate their accessibility with wood materials, which results in the problem of volatile organic compound (VOC) emission.…”

Sertleştiricinin orta yoğunluklu lif levhanın bazı fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerine etkisi

“…Typically used adhesive for primarily PB and MDF for interior applications are Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins due to their some advantages such as lower curing temperatures than phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins and application ability at different curing circumstances while formaldehyde release from the boards bonded with UF is a health interest (Stark et al 2010). To reduce such disadvantages and improve physical and mechanical properties, lots of modification agents have been utilized in MDF such as maleic anhydride (Hundhausen et al 2015), nano-boron nitride (BN), and nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) (Kızılkaya et al 2020), zeolite (Çamlıbel and Yılmaz Aydın 2020), rock salt (Çamlıbel and Akgül 2020), borax pentahydrate (Akgül and Çamlıbel 2021), activated carbon (Akın and Karaboyacı 2021), activated charcoal (Darmawan et al 2010), etc. However, hardener type is one of the critical determinants for the properties of boards and has significant influences on the board characteristics (Atar et al 2014), and ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) are the most common hardeners utilized to arrange pH and cure the resins (Uner and Olgun 2017).…”