Usage of Low Level Laser Biostimulation and Platelet Rich Fibrin in Bone Healing: Experimental Study

Abstract

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is defined as supplying direct biostimulative light energy to the cells. The wound healing process could be enhanced using low-level semiconductor diode lasers [1]. It has been reported that absorbed laser energy stimulates the molecules and atoms of the body's cells [2].While several studies have demonstrated that LLLT has stimulating effects on stem cells of the AbstractBackground. Experimental studies have shown that low level laser therapy (LLLT) has a positive local biostimulative effect in the early stage of bone healing. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) also has been shown to be effective in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. Objectives. The objective of our experimental study was to demonstrate the combined effects of LLLT and PRF on bone healing. Material and Methods. Our experimental study was done over 80 bony cavities in 20 adult male rabbits, aged 12 months. An incision was made for exposure of the femur bone of all rabbits. Then, by using a large, round surgical bur, a perforated hole was made in the femur. The cavities induced in these rabbits were divided into 4 groups: The control group which was neither subjected to any laser irradiation nor filled with any bone substitute (group I); The bony defects were filled with PRF (group II); The cavities were subjected to low level laser (LLL) for biostimulation (group III); The cavities were subjected to LLL for biostimulation then were filled with PRF (group IV). Histological assessments of the four groups were done using a hematoxylin and eosin stain. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA and Bonferroni tests for comparisons between the four groups.Results. The area percentage of the newly formed bone in group IV was significantly higher than the other three groups. The area percentage of the newly formed bone in group III is significantly higher than group II. Conclusions. LLLT could induce bone formation in the bone defect at a faster rate than PRF. However, a combination of both LLLT and PRF as treatment modalities could induce bone formation in the bone defect more than that of LLLT or PRF alone (Dent. Med. Probl. 2016, 53, 3, 338-344).

Effects of photobiomodulation on bone defects grafted with bone substitutes: A systematic review of in vivo animal studies

“…In thrity‐three papers, the experiments were conducted on Wistar rats (male and/or female) [42–73, 79]. The Sprague–Dawley rats were used, as experimental models in two studies [75, 76], whereas, the New Zealand rabbits were the experimental models in three studies [74, 77, 78] (Table 1).…”

“…Raman spectroscopy was used, as an assessment tool, in seven papers [57, 64, 66–68, 72, 73]. Histological analysis was performed in twenty‐one studies [46, 48, 49, 52–55, 57, 58, 66, 68–70, 72–79] while in three studies, a biomechanical analysis was implemented [49, 53, 64]. In one study, a densitometric analysis was performed [56] whereas in another study a three‐point bending test was utilized for assessment [47].…”

“…A combined use of Laser and LED light sources or two different laser wavelengths has been utilized in three studies. Sixteen studies have utilized 830 ± 10 nm wavelength (λ) diode laser [49–53, 56, 57, 69, 71–73, 78] whereas four studies employed λ 808 ± 10 nm diode laser [68, 69, 74, 77]. Six studies have utilized λ 790 ± 10 nm diode laser [54, 55, 60–62, 70].…”

“…Thirty-one of the thirty-eight studies included in this review were conducted in Brazil . Two studies have been conducted in Egypt [73,74]. Two studies were carried out in Japan [75,76] whereas two have been conducted in Iran [77,78].…”

“…Biphasic synthetic micro-granular hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were utilized in five articles [59][60][61][62]69]. Platelet rich fibrin was used in one study [74] while deproteinized bovine bone graft (DBB) was used in four studies [63,69,78,79]. One study utilized haMSCs cultured on a biodegradable copolymer ester (PLGA) scaffold [76] whereas mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) obtained from bone marrow aspirate was employed in one study [77].…”