Use of automated solid-phase extraction equipment for the determination of ivermectin residues in animal liver by HPLC†

Abstract

An improvement of the method commonly used for the determination of ivermectin is proposed. An automatic system is used for the solid-phase extraction column purification stage in order to provide more efficient and fast sample preparation, prior to separation and quantification by HPLC. Some tests were performed to obtain recovery and repeatability data. The mean recovery for spiked samples (five replicates twice at three concentration levels) was more than 90% in the concentration range 7.5-30 ng g-1. The tests for accuracy (five replicates at three concentration levels) gave a standard error of -2.0% at the highest and -19.2% at the lowest concentration. Concerning repeatability data (five replicates twice at three concentration levels), in the concentration range 7.5-30 ng g-1 the RSD varied from 9.29 to 2.15%. The described method was used in a survey on the presence of ivermectin in food-producing animals in two regions of southern Italy; no positives out of 250 liver samples were found.

Validated capillary electrophoretic method for the analysis of ivermectin in plasma after intragastric administration in pigs and horses

“…Ivermectin is an unique and potent compound for controlling endo-and ectoparasites (Campbell et al, 1983) and presently registered for use in beef cattle, pigs, sheep, horses and reindeer (Tway et al, 1981;Chiu et al, 1990;Nordlander et al, 1990;Markus and Sherma, 1992). Furthermore, in more recently published procedures, determination of ivermectin has been reported in Atlantic salmon (Kennedy et al, 1993;Rupp et al, 1998), goat (Alvinerie M. et al, 1993;Scarano et al, 1998) and llama (Jarvinen et al, 2002) tissues.…”

Determination of antibiotics such as macrolides, ionophores and tiamulin in liquid manure by HPLC–MS/MS

“…Several methods for the analysis of macrolides, ionophores and tiamulin in animal tissues, milk and plasma have been described using liquid chromatography/ultra violet detection (LC/UV), liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. Methods for the analysis of sulfonamides in manure [24] and tetracyclines in soil fertilised with manure by using LC/MS/MS have also been described [25,26].…”

Residue Study of Ivermectin in Plasma, Milk, and Mozzarella Cheese Following Subcutaneous Administration to Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

“…The use of an automated system in the cleanup procedure made the methods reliable and faster, reducing the tedious and time-consuming phase of the sample purification (18).…”