Use of data mining approaches to explore the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus with SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

Background and objective Corona virus causes respiratory tract infections in mammals. The latest type of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-viruses 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Corona virus spread in humans in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and their biochemical and hematological factors with the level of infection with COVID-19 to improve the treatment and management of the disease. Material and method This study was conducted on a population of 13,170 including 5780 subjects with SARS-COV-2 and 7390 subjects without SARS-COV-2, in the age range of 35–65 years. Also, the associations between biochemical factors, hematological factors, physical activity level (PAL), age, sex, and smoking status were investigated with the COVID-19 infection. Result Data mining techniques such as logistic regression (LR) and decision tree (DT) algorithms were used to analyze the data. The results using the LR model showed that in biochemical factors (Model I) creatine phosphokinase (CPK) (OR: 1.006 CI 95% (1.006,1.007)), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (OR: 1.039 CI 95% (1.033, 1.047)) and in hematological factors (Model II) mean platelet volume (MVP) (OR: 1.546 CI 95% (1.470, 1.628)) were significant factors associated with COVID-19 infection. Using the DT model, CPK, BUN, and MPV were the most important variables. Also, after adjustment for confounding factors, subjects with T2DM had higher risk for COVID-19 infection. Conclusion There was a significant association between CPK, BUN, MPV and T2DM with COVID-19 infection and T2DM appears to be important in the development of COVID-19 infection.

The Community Pharmacy as a Study Center for the Epidemiological Analysis of the Population Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: Evaluation of Vaccine Safety and Pharmaceutical Service

“…Also, thromboembolic events were not observed in our patients, in contrast to a recent report undertaken in a large population [20]. Despite diabetes type II and insulin response having been associated with negative prognosis in COVID-19 patients for different causes, such as associations of pathogenic factors [42,59,60], as well as loss of control and monitoring during the pandemic [61], no ADRs were observed in the diabetic patients, which represented 5.8-7% of our patients in the vaccination program. Therefore, the vaccination procedure adopted experimentally at the community pharmacy was found to be safe and effective.…”

Community Pharmacy as a Study Center for the Epidemio-logical Analysis of the Population Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2: Regulatory Rules and Prescriptions

“…Also, thromboembolic events were not observed in our patients in contrast to what recently reported in a large population [20]. Despite diabetes type II and insulin response has been associated with negative prognosis in COVID-19 patients for different causes such as association of pathogenic factors [42,[57][58][59][60], and also loss of control and monitoring during pandemic [61], no ADR were observed in the diabetic patients that were represented in the 5.8-7% of our patients under vaccination program. Therefore, the vaccination procedure adopted experimentally at the Community Pharmacy was found to be safe and effective.…”

Optimal Control Strategy of a Mathematical Model for the Fifth Wave of COVID-19 Outbreak (Omicron) in Thailand

“…Meanwhile, the use of social distancing for participating in social activities was employed to reduce the disease spread. Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2 [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], affecting the human respiratory system. COVID-19 virus can spread via droplets via from coughing, sneezing, and exposure to body secretions.…”